Actions to conserve biodiversity
We have summarised evidence from the scientific literature about the effects of actions to conserve wildlife and ecosystems.
Review the evidence from the studies
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Action | Effectiveness | Studies | Category | |
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Use a smaller beam trawl Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit a funnel (such as a sievenet) or other escape devices on shrimp/prawn trawl nets Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit one or more mesh escape panels/windows and one or more soft, rigid or semi-rigid grids or frames to trawl nets Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a larger codend mesh size on trawl nets Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a square mesh instead of a diamond mesh codend on trawl nets Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit one or more soft, semi-rigid, or rigid grids or frames to trawl nets and use square mesh instead of a diamond mesh at the codend Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit one or more mesh escape panels/windows to trawl nets and use a square mesh instead of a diamond mesh codend Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Modify the design/attachments of a shrimp/prawn W-trawl net Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a larger mesh size on trammel nets Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use traps instead of fishing nets Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use different bait species in traps Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit one or more soft, semi-rigid, or rigid grids or frames on pots and traps Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Increase the mesh size of pots and traps Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit one or more soft, semi-rigid, or rigid grids or frames and increase the mesh size of pots and traps Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove or capture non-native, invasive or other problematic species Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Set or improve minimum sewage treatment standards Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove or clean-up oil pollution following a spill Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove and clean-up shoreline waste disposal sites Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit dredging Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and install physical barriers to prevent trawling Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and only allow hook and line fishing Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit the harvesting of conch Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit aquaculture activity Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Establish community-based fisheries management Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Refill disused borrow pits Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Restore biogenic habitats (other methods) - Restore mussel beds Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Install a pump on or above the seabed in docks, ports, harbour, or other coastal areas to increase oxygen concentration Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Repurpose obsolete offshore structures to act as artificial reefs Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove and relocate habitat-forming (biogenic) species before onset of impactful activities Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Transplant/release captive-bred or hatchery-reared species in predator exclusion cages Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Translocate species - Translocate crustaceans Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Translocate species - Translocate worms Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Tag species to prevent illegal fishing or harvesting Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Provide educational or other training programmes about the marine environment to improve behaviours towards marine invertebrates Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove/control non-native invertebrates Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Create pit habitats (1–50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Create long flexible habitats (>50 mm) on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Create short flexible habitats (1–50 mm) on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove, control or exclude invertebrate herbivores Action Link |
Evidence not assessed | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use biological control to reduce the number of problematic invertebrates Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Manage grazing regimes to increase invertebrate prey Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set limits for change in sediment particle size during rock dumping Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury pipelines instead of surface laying and rock dumping Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the amount of stabilisation material used Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Leave pipelines and infrastructure in place following decommissioning Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit oil and gas drilling Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit the deposit of drill cuttings on the seabed Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Dispose of drill cuttings on land rather than on the seabed Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove drill cuttings after decommissioning Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the thickness of drill cuttings Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury drill cuttings in the seabed rather than leaving them on the seabed surface Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Recycle or repurpose fluids used in the drilling process Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set limits for change in sediment particle size during aggregate extraction Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease, or prohibit sediment discard during aggregate extraction Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit mining waste (tailings) disposal at sea Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use cables and pipelines of smaller width Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury cables and pipelines in the seabed rather than laying them on the seabed Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a different technique when laying and burying cables and pipelines Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove utility and service lines after decommissioning Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Leave utility and service lines in place after decommissioning Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Divert shipping routes Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit recreational boating Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit anchoring from ships/boats/vessels Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a different type of anchor Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Provide additional moorings to reduce anchoring Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use moorings which reduce or avoid contact with the seabed (eco- moorings) Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Periodically move and relocate moorings Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set limits on hull depth Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce ships/boats/vessels speed limits Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit midwater/semi-pelagic trawling Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit static fishing gear Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set commercial catch quotas Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set habitat credits systems Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set commercial catch quotas and habitat credits systems Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the number of fishing days Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the number of fishing vessels Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the number of traps per fishing vessels Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the density of traps Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Introduce catch shares Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Purchase fishing permits and/or vessels from fishers Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Eliminate fisheries subsidies that encourage overfishing Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set unwanted catch quotas Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use hook and line fishing instead of other fishing methods Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use lower water pressure during hydraulic dredging Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use more than one net on otter trawls Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Modify trawl doors to reduce sediment penetration Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Outfit trawls with a raised footrope Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the maximum weight and/or size of bobbins on the footrope Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit one or more mesh escape panels/windows on pots and traps Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Release live unwanted catch first before handling commercial species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Modify harvest methods of macroalgae Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit access for recreational purposes Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit recreational diving Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit recreational fishing and/or harvesting Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use stabilisation material that can be more easily recovered at decommissioning stage Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove pipelines and infrastructure following decommissioning Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use native species instead of non-native species in aquaculture systems Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use sterile individuals in aquaculture systems using non-native species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce and/or eradicate aquaculture escapees in the wild Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use water-based muds instead of oil-based muds (drilling fluids) in the drilling process Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link |
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What are 'Individual studies' and 'Actions'?
Individual studies
An individual study is a summary of a specific scientific study, usually taken from a scientific journal, but also from other resources such as reports. It tells you the background context, the action(s) taken and their consequences.
If you want more detail please look at the original reference.
Actions
Each action page focuses on a particular action you could take to benefit wildlife or ecosystems.
It contains brief (150-200 word) descriptions of relevant studies (context, action(s) taken and their consequences) and one or more key messages.
Key messages show the extent and main conclusions of the available evidence. Using links within key messages, you can look at the paragraphs describing each study to get more detail. Each paragraph allows you to assess the quality of the evidence and how relevant it is to your situation.
Where we found no evidence, we have been unable to assess whether or not an intervention is effective or has any harmful impacts.