Actions to conserve biodiversity
We have summarised evidence from the scientific literature about the effects of actions to conserve wildlife and ecosystems.
Review the evidence from the studies
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Action | Effectiveness | Studies | Category | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Use biocides or other chemicals to control non-native, invasive or other problematic species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use biological control to manage non-native, invasive or other problematic species populations Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove or capture non-native, invasive or other problematic species Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Use of non-native, invasive or other problematic species from populations established in the wild for recreational or commercial purposes Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Transplant/translocate ‘bioremediating’ species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Establish pollution emergency plans Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit the dumping of untreated sewage Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit the amount of storm wastewater overflow Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use double hulls to prevent oil spills Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove or clean-up oil pollution following a spill Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Set regulatory ban on marine burial of nuclear waste Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce aquaculture stocking densities Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Locate aquaculture systems in already impacted areas Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Locate aquaculture systems in areas with fast currents Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Locate aquaculture systems in vegetated areas Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Moor aquaculture cages so they move in response to changing current direction Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Improve fish food and pellets to reduce aquaculture waste production Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce the amount of pesticides used in aquaculture systems Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce the amount of antibiotics used in aquaculture systems Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use species from more than one level of a food web in aquaculture systems Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Locate artificial reefs near aquaculture systems (and vice versa) to act as biofilters Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use other bioremediation methods in aquaculture Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Regulate the use, dosage and disposal of agrichemicals Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Treat wastewater from intensive livestock holdings Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Establish aquaculture to extract the nutrients from run-offs Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Create artificial wetlands to reduce the amount of pollutants reaching the sea Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit discharge of solid waste overboard from vessels Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Install stormwater traps or grids Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove litter from the marine environment Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use biodegradable panels in fishing pots Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Recover lost fishing gear Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury electricity cables to reduce electromagnetic fields Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit industrial and urban lighting at night Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce underwater noise (other than sonar) Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit the use of sonars Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit the discharge of cooling effluents from power stations Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit the discharge of waste effluents overboard from vessels Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use non-toxic antifouling coatings on surfaces Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Restore habitats and/or habitat-forming (biogenic) species following extreme events Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Manage climate-driven range extensions of problematic species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Transplant/release climate change-resistant captive-bred or hatchery-reared individuals to re-establish or boost native populations Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Transplant captive-bred or hatchery-reared individuals of habitat-forming (biogenic) species that are resistant to climate change Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Limit, cease or prohibit the degradation and/or removal of carbon sequestering species and/or habitats Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Promote natural carbon sequestration species and/or habitats Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Create a Marine Protected Area or set levels of legal protection where natural climate refugia occur to further promote the persistence and recovery of species facing climate change Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) to regulate impactful maritime activities Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit commercial fishing Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit static fishing gear Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and limit the density of traps Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and only allow hook and line fishing Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and limit the number of fishing vessels Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and set a no-anchoring zone Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit the harvesting of scallops Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit the harvesting of conch Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area and prohibit the harvesting of sea urchins Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Designate a Marine Protected Area without setting management measures, usage restrictions, or enforcement Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Establish community-based fisheries management Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Engage with stakeholders when designing Marine Protected Areas Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Transplant captive-bred or hatchery-reared habitat-forming (biogenic) species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Restore coastal lagoons Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Use green engineering techniques on artificial structures - Modify rock dump to make it more similar to natural substrate Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use green engineering techniques on artificial structures - Cover subsea cables with artificial reefs Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Use green engineering techniques on artificial structures - Cover subsea cables with materials that encourage the accumulation of natural sediments Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Provide artificial shelters Action Link |
Beneficial | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Place anthropogenic installations (e.g: windfarms) in an area such that they create artificial habitat and reduce the level of fishing activity Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Pay monetary compensation for habitat damage remediation Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Set recreational catch quotas Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Establish size limitations for the capture of recreational species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Tag species to prevent illegal fishing or harvesting Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Remove/control non-native invertebrates Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Establish temporary fishery closures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit mobile fishing gears that catch bottom (demersal) species and are dragged across the seafloor Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 10 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit all types of fishing in a marine protected area Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 79 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a larger mesh size Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 42 | Synopsis Link | |
Modify gillnet or entangling (trammel/tangle) net configuration Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Modify fishing trap/pot configuration Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 23 | Synopsis Link | |
Decrease the circumference or diameter of the codend of a trawl net Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 13 | Synopsis Link | |
Use a square mesh instead of a diamond mesh codend in a trawl net Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 26 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit mesh escape panels/windows to a trawl net Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 38 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit a size-sorting escape grid (rigid or flexible) to a fish trawl net Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 18 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit a size-sorting escape grid (rigid or flexible) to a prawn/shrimp trawl net Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 30 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit large, supported escape openings (such as Fisheyes, Bigeyes and radial escape sections) to trawl nets Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 8 | Synopsis Link | |
Fit mesh escape panels/windows and a size-sorting grid (rigid or flexible) to a trawl net Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 6 | Synopsis Link | |
Exclude wild invertebrates using physical barriers Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Control populations of wild invertebrates Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Create hole habitats (>50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Create natural rocky reef topography on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or alter maintenance activities on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Create groove habitats (1–50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Create textured surfaces (≤1 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Create short flexible habitats (1–50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Create long flexible habitats (>50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Create grooves and small protrusions, ridges or ledges (1–50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Create pit habitats (1–50 mm) on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Manage or restrict harvesting of species on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Manage or restrict harvesting of species on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Create short flexible habitats (1–50 mm) on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Create long flexible habitats (>50 mm) on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Reduce the slope of intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Create small protrusions (1–50 mm) on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link |
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What are 'Individual studies' and 'Actions'?
Individual studies
An individual study is a summary of a specific scientific study, usually taken from a scientific journal, but also from other resources such as reports. It tells you the background context, the action(s) taken and their consequences.
If you want more detail please look at the original reference.
Actions
Each action page focuses on a particular action you could take to benefit wildlife or ecosystems.
It contains brief (150-200 word) descriptions of relevant studies (context, action(s) taken and their consequences) and one or more key messages.
Key messages show the extent and main conclusions of the available evidence. Using links within key messages, you can look at the paragraphs describing each study to get more detail. Each paragraph allows you to assess the quality of the evidence and how relevant it is to your situation.
Where we found no evidence, we have been unable to assess whether or not an intervention is effective or has any harmful impacts.