Actions to conserve biodiversity
We have summarised evidence from the scientific literature about the effects of actions to conserve wildlife and ecosystems.
Review the evidence from the studies
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Order results by:
Action | Effectiveness | Studies | Category | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Brown and black bullheads: Application of a biocide Action Link |
Beneficial | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Biological control of beneficial species Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Biological control using native predators Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Changing pH Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Changing salinity Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Draining invaded waterbodies Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Electrofishing Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Habitat manipulation Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Increasing carbon dioxide concentrations Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Netting Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Public education Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Trapping using sound or pheromonal lures Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: Using a combination of netting and electrofishing Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Brown and black bullheads: UV radiation Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Buffer in-field ponds Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build artificial bird perches to encourage seed dispersal Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Build barriers to protect littoral areas from boat wakes Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build barriers to protect littoral brackish/saline swamps from rising water levels and severe weather Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build barriers to protect littoral brackish/salt marshes from rising water levels and severe weather Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Build barriers to protect littoral freshwater marshes from rising water levels and severe weather Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build barriers to protect littoral freshwater swamps from rising water levels and severe weather Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build barriers to protect peatlands from the sea Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build bird perches to encourage colonisation by plants Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Build bird-perches to enhance natural seed dispersal Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Build fences around protected areas Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Build fences to keep humans out Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build fire breaks Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Build fire breaks Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Burn at specific time of year Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Burn leaf litter Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Burn shrublands to reduce impacts of pollutants Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Burn vegetation before seeding/planting Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury cables and pipelines in the seabed rather than laying them on the seabed Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury drill cuttings in the seabed rather than leaving them on the seabed surface Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury electricity cables to reduce electromagnetic fields Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury or isolate power lines to reduce incidental bird mortality Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury pipelines instead of surface laying and rock dumping Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury surface soil/sediment Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury surface soil/sediment (before planting) Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury upper layer of peat/soil (before planting) Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Bury upper layer of peat/soil (without planting) Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Can captive breeding have deleterious effects on individual fitness? Action Link |
Evidence not assessed | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Can nest protection increase nest abandonment? Action Link |
Evidence not assessed | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Can nest protection increase predation of adults and chicks? Action Link |
Evidence not assessed | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Can supplementary feeding increase predation or parasitism? Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding and reintroduction of primates into the wild: born and raised in a free-ranging environment Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding and reintroduction of primates into the wild: born and reared in cages Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding and reintroduction of primates into the wild: limited free-ranging experience Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding frogs Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 34 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding harlequin toads (Atelopus species) Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 6 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding Mallorcan midwife toads Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding salamanders (including newts) Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 8 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive breeding toads Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 12 | Synopsis Link | |
Captive rear in large enclosures prior to release Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Allocate fast days Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Alter feeding schedule according to visitor activity Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Alter food abundance or type seasonally Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Change location of food around enclosure Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Feed a plant-derived protein diet Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Feed commercially prepared diets Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Feed individuals separately Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Feed individuals within a social group Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Feed whole carcasses (with or without organs/gastrointestinal tract) Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 6 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Hand-feed Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Hide food around enclosure Action Link |
Beneficial | 6 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Increase variety of food items Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Present food frozen in ice Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Present food in/on water Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Present food inside objects (e.g. Boomer balls) Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide bones, hides or partial carcasses Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide devices to simulate live prey, including sounds, lures, pulleys and bungees Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide food during natural active periods Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide food during visitor experiences Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide food on a random temporal schedule Action Link |
Trade-off between benefit and harms | 7 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide live invertebrate prey, including in feeding devices Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Provide live vertebrate prey Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Scatter food around enclosure Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Supplement meat-based diet with amino acids Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Supplement meat-based diet with fatty acids Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Supplement meat-based diet with vitamins or minerals Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Supplement meat-based diets with prebiotic plant material to facilitate digestion Action Link |
Unknown effectiveness (limited evidence) | 1 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Use food as a reward in animal training Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carnivores: Use of automated feeders Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carry out surveillance for diseases Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carry out surveillance of bats to prevent the spread of disease/viruses to humans to reduce human-wildlife conflict Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Carry out surveillance of reptiles for early treatment/action to prevent spread of disease Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease grazing on grassland to allow early succession Action Link |
Evidence not assessed | 26 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease livestock grazing: Forest, open woodland & savanna Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 5 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease livestock grazing: Grassland & shrubland Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 15 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease livestock grazing: Wetland Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease mowing on grassland to allow early succession Action Link |
Evidence not assessed | 16 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or alter maintenance activities on intertidal artificial structures Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or alter maintenance activities on subtidal artificial structures Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit activities that cause disturbance during sensitive periods for marine and freshwater mammals Action Link |
No evidence found (no assessment) | 0 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit activities that cause disturbance in sensitive areas for marine and freshwater mammals Action Link |
Likely to be beneficial | 2 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit aggregate extraction Action Link |
Beneficial | 7 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit all (mobile and static) fishing gears that catch bottom (demersal) species Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 3 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit all commercial fishing Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 8 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit all fishing activity in a marine protected area with limited exceptions Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 4 | Synopsis Link | |
Cease or prohibit all non-towed (static) fishing gear Action Link |
Awaiting assessment | 1 | Synopsis Link |
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What are 'Individual studies' and 'Actions'?
Individual studies
An individual study is a summary of a specific scientific study, usually taken from a scientific journal, but also from other resources such as reports. It tells you the background context, the action(s) taken and their consequences.
If you want more detail please look at the original reference.
Actions
Each action page focuses on a particular action you could take to benefit wildlife or ecosystems.
It contains brief (150-200 word) descriptions of relevant studies (context, action(s) taken and their consequences) and one or more key messages.
Key messages show the extent and main conclusions of the available evidence. Using links within key messages, you can look at the paragraphs describing each study to get more detail. Each paragraph allows you to assess the quality of the evidence and how relevant it is to your situation.
Where we found no evidence, we have been unable to assess whether or not an intervention is effective or has any harmful impacts.