Conservation Evidence: Evidence Data

Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use coloured baits to reduce accidental mortality during predator control Two replicated and controlled trials in the USA found that dyed baits were consumed at significantly lower rates than control baits. A replicated, randomised and controlled trial in Australia found no differences in consumption rates of dyed and control baits. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F182https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F182Fri, 01 Jun 2012 16:40:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use electric fencing to exclude fish-eating birdsTwo before-and-after studies from the USA found that electric fencing reduced the use of fish ponds by great blue herons Ardea herodias and great egrets Casmerodius albus. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F247https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F247Wed, 18 Jul 2012 11:52:28 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use education programmes and local engagement to help reduce persecution or exploitation of species Five out of six studies from across the world found increases in bird populations or decreases in mortality following education programmes. In all but one case, education was one of several interventions employed. A replicated before-and-after study from Canada also found that there was a significant shift in local peoples’ attitudes to conservation and exploited species following educational programmes. One study from Venezuela found no evidence for decreases in yellow-shouldered parrot Amazona barbadensis poaching following an educational programme in local schools. The authors argue that the benefits would probably be seen later in the project. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F274https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F274Thu, 19 Jul 2012 18:28:35 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use high-visibility longlines to reduce seabird bycatch We captured no intervention-based evidence on the impact on seabird bycatch of high-visibility longlines. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F294https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F294Tue, 24 Jul 2012 16:58:27 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use bird exclusion devices (BEDs) such as ‘Brickle curtains’ to reduce seabird mortality when hauling longlinesA study of longliners in the South Atlantic found that fewer seabirds were caught on longlines hauled under BEDs with two booms, compared to those with a single boom. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F302https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F302Tue, 24 Jul 2012 18:03:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use high-visibility mesh on gillnets to reduce seabird bycatch A repeated, randomised and controlled trial in the USA found that having gillnets made partially from high-visibility mesh was effective in reducing seabird bycatch. Having a greater percentage (25% vs. 10%) of the net made from high-visibility mesh was more effective, but also reduced catch of the target species. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F303https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F303Tue, 24 Jul 2012 18:10:09 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use fire suppression/control Two out of three before-and-after studies, from Australia and the UK, found that five species of bird (including noisy scrub-bird, the target species of one study) increased following fire suppression measures. A before-and-after study in the USA found that open habitat species declined in a pine forest site after fire exclusion, whilst mesic woodland species appeared. A before-and-after study from the UK found that five bird species declined following fire suppression. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F324https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F324Thu, 26 Jul 2012 16:35:35 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use environmentally sensitive flood management One of two studies, a before-and-after study from the UK, found that there were significantly more bird territories in a stretch of river with ‘flood beams’ installed, compared to a channelized river. A replicated site comparison study in the USA found that 13 of 20 bird species increased at sites with the restoration of river dynamics and vegetation. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F356https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F356Sun, 29 Jul 2012 16:58:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use greentree reservoir managementA site comparison study from the USA found significantly lower numbers of breeding mid- and under-storey birds at a greentree reservoir site than at a control site. Canopy nesting species were not affected. The species investigated were not gamebirds or wildfowl. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F357https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F357Sun, 29 Jul 2012 17:02:09 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use collar-mounted devices to reduce predation Two replicated randomised and controlled studies in the UK and Australia found that significantly fewer birds were returned by cats wearing collars with various anti-hunting devices, compared to controls. A replicated, randomised and controlled study from the UK found no significant differences between different devices. Both UK studies found that collars were easily lost. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F416https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F416Thu, 16 Aug 2012 15:27:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use buffer zones to reduce the impact of invasive plant controlA study from the USA found that having buffer zones around snail kite Rostrhamus sociabilis nests, where no herbicides were sprayed, resulted in no nests being lost during a vegetation control programme. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F433https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F433Wed, 22 Aug 2012 14:49:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use false brood parasite eggs to discourage brood parasitismA replicated, controlled experiment in the USA found lower parasitism rates for red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus nests with false or real brown-headed cowbird Molothrus ater eggs added to them. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F444https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F444Thu, 23 Aug 2012 16:03:29 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use copper strips to exclude snails from nestsA single small, before-and-after study in Mauritius found no snail-caused chick mortality in 2004–7 after the installation of copper strips at seven echo parakeet Psittacula eques nest holes, compared to four fatalities in 2003–4. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F447https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F447Thu, 23 Aug 2012 16:08:25 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use flashing lights to reduce mortality from artificial lightsA randomised, replicated and controlled trial from the USA found that fewer dead birds were found beneath control towers that used only flashing lights, as opposed to those using both flashing and continuous lights. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F470https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F470Wed, 29 Aug 2012 16:31:10 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use differently-coloured artificial nestsA replicated study from the USA found that two species showed different colour preferences for nest boxes, but that in each case, the preferred colour had lower nesting success than the less preferred colour. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F500https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F500Tue, 04 Sep 2012 16:21:30 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use decoys to attract birds to safe areas Seven studies found that birds bred in areas where decoys (of birds or nests) were used to attract birds. Six of the studies used several interventions at once. Two studies from the USA found that least terns Sterna antillarum and herons were not attracted to new areas to breed when decoys were used. Five studies from North America and France and Spain found that more birds landed near decoys than in control areas. The two studies to compare decoy types found that three-dimensional models were better than two-dimensional ‘cut-outs’ and plastic models of birds were better than rag decoys. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F586https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F586Sat, 06 Oct 2012 22:25:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of tinamousA replicated study from Costa Rica over three years found that great tinamous Tinamus major successfully bred in captivity, with similar reproductive success to wild birds. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F588https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F588Sat, 06 Oct 2012 22:48:42 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of seabirdsA study from Spain over five years found that a single pair of Audouin’s gulls, Larus audouinii, successfully bred in captivity. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F589https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F589Sat, 06 Oct 2012 22:52:51 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of railsA study from an island in Australia found that Lord Howe Island woodhens Tricholimnas sylvestris successfully bred in captivity, with 66 chicks being produced over four years from three pairs of adults. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F590https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F590Sat, 06 Oct 2012 22:55:27 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of cranesA study from Canada over 32 years found that whooping cranes Grus americana successfully bred in captivity eight years after the first eggs were removed from the wild. The authors note that young ‘downy’ chicks suffered high mortality in captivity. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F591https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F591Sat, 06 Oct 2012 22:58:51 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of bustards We captured four studies of a houbara bustard, Chlamydotis undulata, macqueenii captive breeding programme in Saudi Arabia. The project successfully raised chicks in captivity, with 285 chicks hatched in the 7th year of the project after 232 birds were used to start the captive population. Captive birds bred earlier and appeared to lay more eggs than wild birds. Forty-six percent of captive eggs hatched and 43% of chicks survived to ten years old, although no comparison was made with wild birds. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F592https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F592Sat, 06 Oct 2012 23:13:15 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of storks and ibises We captured a small study and a review describing the captive breeding of storks (Ciconiidae) and a study and a review describing the breeding of northern bald ibis, Geronticus eremita. Both studies on storks were from the USA. The small study found that a pair bred; the review found that only seven of 19 species had been successfully bred in captivity. A review of bald ibis conservation found that 1,150 birds had been produced in captivity from 150 founders over 20 years. However, some projects had failed, and a study from Turkey found that captive birds had lower productivity than wild birds. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F595https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F595Sat, 13 Oct 2012 14:54:55 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of raptors Three small studies and a review from around the world all found that raptors bred successfully in captivity. Two small studies on Accipiter spp. found that wild-caught birds bred in captivity after a few years, with one pair producing 15 young over four years, whilst a study on bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, captive breeding found low fertility in captive-bred eggs, but that birds still produced chicks after a year or so together. A review of Mauritius kestrel, Falco punctatus, captive breeding found that 139 independent young were raised over 12 years from 30 eggs and chicks taken from the wild (of which 13 survived). An update of the same programme found that hand-reared Mauritius kestrels were less successful if they came from captive-bred eggs, compared to wild ‘harvested’ eggs. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F596https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F596Sat, 13 Oct 2012 15:08:20 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of pigeonsA review of a captive-breeding programme on Mauritius and in the UK found that 42 pink pigeons, Nesoenas mayeri, were successfully bred in captivity.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F597https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F597Sat, 13 Oct 2012 15:21:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use captive breeding to increase or maintain populations of songbirds A replicated study from Australia and two small studies from the USA found that three species of songbird were successfully bred in captivity. Four out of five pairs of wild-bred, hand-reared puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri, formed pairs and laid a total of 39 eggs in 1998 and a breeding population of helmeted honeyeaters, Lichenostomus melanops cassidix, was successfully established through a breeding programme. Only one pair of loggerhead shrikes, Lanius ludovicianus, formed pairs from eight wild birds caught and their first clutch died. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F598https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F598Sat, 13 Oct 2012 15:24:35 +0100