Effects of Tillage on Phosphorus Release Potential in a Spanish Vertisol

Published source details Saavedra C., Velasco J., Pajuelo P., Perea F. & Delgado A. (2007) Effects of Tillage on Phosphorus Release Potential in a Spanish Vertisol. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71, 56-63.
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This study is summarised as evidence for the following.

	Action	Category
	Soil: Use no tillage instead of reduced tillage Action Link
	Soil: Use reduced tillage in arable fields Action Link
	Soil: Use no tillage in arable fields Action Link

Soil: Use no tillage instead of reduced tillage

A replicated, randomized, controlled study in 1982–2003 in a rainfed wheat-sunflower-legume field near Seville, Spain, found more phosphorus in soils with no tillage, compared to reduced tillage. Nutrients: More phosphorus was found in soils with no tillage, compared to reduced tillage (1,528 vs 961 mg phosphorus/kg soil). Methods: No tillage or reduced tillage was used on four plots each (180 x 15 m plots), in 1983–2003. A cultivator (15 cm depth, before seeds were sown) was used for reduced tillage. Herbicide and a double-disk planter were used for no tillage. Fertilizer was used on wheat crops. Soil samples were collected in September 2003 (15 subsamples/plot, 5 cm depth).
Soil: Use reduced tillage in arable fields

A replicated, randomized, controlled study in 1982–2003 in a rainfed wheat-sunflower-legume field near Seville, Spain, found more phosphorus in soils with reduced tillage, compared to conventional tillage. Nutrients: More phosphorus was found in soils with reduced tillage, compared to conventional tillage (961 vs 776 mg phosphorus/kg soil). Methods: Reduced tillage or conventional tillage was used on four plots each (180 x 15 m plots), in 1983–2003. Crop residues were burned, and a mouldboard plough (50 cm depth, once every three years, in summer) and a cultivator (15 cm depth, before seeds were sown) were used, for conventional tillage. A cultivator (15 cm depth, before seeds were sown) was used for reduced tillage. Fertilizer was used on wheat crops. Soil samples were collected in September 2003 (15 subsamples/plot, 5 cm depth).
Soil: Use no tillage in arable fields

A replicated, randomized, controlled study in 1982–2003 in a rainfed wheat-sunflower-legume field near Seville, Spain, found more phosphorus in soils with no tillage, compared to conventional tillage. Nutrients: More phosphorus was found in soils with no tillage, compared to conventional tillage (1,528 vs 776 mg phosphorus/kg soil). Methods: No tillage or conventional tillage was used on four plots each (180 x 15 m plots), in 1983–2003. Crop residues were burned, and a mouldboard plough (50 cm depth, once every three years, in summer) and a cultivator (15 cm depth, before seeds were sown) were used, for conventional tillage. Herbicide and a double-disk planter were used for no tillage. Fertilizer was used on wheat crops. Soil samples were collected in September 2003 (15 subsamples/plot, 5 cm depth).