Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce nurse plants: brackish/saline swamps One study evaluated the effects, on naturally colonizing vegetation, of introducing nurse plants to restore or create brackish/saline swamps. The study was in India. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One study on an estuarine mudflat in India reported that the average height of mangrove propagules trapped by nurse grasses increased by 21–90% (depending on the species) over the first month after establishment. OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One study on an estuarine mudflat in India reported that 60–80% (depending on the species) of mangrove propagules trapped by nurse grasses developed into seedlings. Saltmarsh grasses trapped 1,200–1,372 mangrove propagules/m2/week, approximately 1–2 years after they were planted. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3255https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3255Sat, 10 Apr 2021 13:04:30 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce fragments of trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing tree/shrub fragments to freshwater wetlands. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER            Survival (1 study): One study in a floodplain swamp clearing in the USA reported 12% overall survival of planted unrooted tree cuttings over two years. For two of four species, no monitored seedlings survived. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3262https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3262Sat, 10 Apr 2021 13:28:25 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Transplant or replace blocks of vegetation: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of transplanting or replacing blocks of brackish/salt marsh vegetation. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One replicated, controlled, site comparison study in an estuarine salt marsh in Australia found that areas where sods of saltwater couch Sporobolus virginicus were transplanted had a similar overall plant community composition to areas without transplants, after 3–4 years. The plant community in the transplanted areas was >70% similar to natural areas in only 4 of 12 comparisons. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3269https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3269Sat, 10 Apr 2021 15:36:47 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Create mounds or hollows before planting non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of creating mounds or hollows in brackish/saline wetlands before planting emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in an estuarine salt marsh in the USA found that amongst plots sown/planted with dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii, those that had been excavated into depressions had lower cover of dominant pickleweed Salicornia virginica – over the first growing season – than plots left at ground level. VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in an estuarine salt marsh in the USA found that there were no more (sometimes fewer) dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii seedlings in excavated depressions than in level plots, two months after sowing saltwort seeds. Survival (1 study): The same study found that the survival rate of dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii transplants was not greater (sometimes lower) in excavated depressions than in level plots. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3287https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3287Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:34:58 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Create mounds or hollows before planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of creating mounds or hollows in brackish/saline wetlands before planting trees/shrubs. The study was in Brazil. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, controlled study in a degraded coastal swamp in Brazil reported that planting tree seedlings into mounds had mixed effects on survival over three years, depending on the species. Growth (1 study): The same study reported that tree seedlings planted into mounds typically grew at a similar rate, over three years, to seedlings planted at ground level. Growth was measured in terms of diameter, height and canopy area. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3289https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3289Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:35:23 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Disturb soil/sediment surface before planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of disturbing the surface of brackish/saline wetlands before planting trees/shrubs. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, controlled study on an estuarine mudflat in Australia found that ploughing the substrate before planting grey mangrove Avicennia marina propagules had no significant effect on their height after two growing seasons. OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, controlled study on an estuarine mudflat in Australia found that ploughing the substrate before planting grey mangrove propagules had no significant effect on their survival over two growing seasons. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3295https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3295Sun, 11 Apr 2021 07:57:16 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add below-ground organic matter before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding below-ground organic matter to freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a created wetland in the USA found that amongst plots planted with tree seedlings, those amended with large amounts compost contained a plant community characteristic of drier conditions, three years later, than the community in unamended plots. The lowest compost dose had no significant effect on this outcome. Overall richness/diversity (1 study): The same study found that amongst plots planted with tree seedlings, those amended with a large amount of compost had lower plant species richness and diversity, three years later, than unamended plots. Lower compost doses had no significant effect on either outcome. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a created wetland in the USA found that amongst plots planted with tree seedlings, those amended with compost supported a similar overall vegetation biomass, three years later, to unamended plots. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Individual plant size (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a created wetland in the USA found that birch Betula saplings were larger, three years after planting seedlings, in plots amended with large amounts of compost than in unamended plots. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3310https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3310Sun, 11 Apr 2021 09:51:11 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add below-ground organic matter before/after planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding below-ground organic matter to brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Brazil. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a coastal swamp in Brazil reported that adding manure to plots planted with tree seedlings had mixed effects on their survival over three years, depending on the species of tree and dose of manure. Growth (1 study): The same study reported that adding manure to plots planted with tree seedlings had mixed effects on their growth over three years, depending on the species of tree and dose of manure. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3311https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3311Sun, 11 Apr 2021 09:51:23 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add surface mulch before/after planting non-woody plants: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of mulching freshwater wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Herb abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that mulching with woodchips before planting native understory herbs either increased or had no significant effect on their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that mulching with woodchips before planting native understory herbs reduced the cover of one problematic species (common reed Phragmites australis) one year later, but had no significant effect on another (reed canarygrass Phalaris arundinacea). VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3312https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3312Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:05:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add surface mulch before/after planting non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of mulching brackish/saline wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in Canada. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in intertidal brackish marshes in Canada found that adding surface mulch after planting wetland herbs typically had no significant effect on total live vegetation biomass, two growing seasons later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that adding surface mulch increased the cover of one of two planted herb species (creeping alkaligrass Puccinellia phryganodes) but had no significant effect on cover of the other species (estuary sedge Carex subspathacea). Cover was monitored over the second growing season after planting/mulching. VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in intertidal brackish marshes in Canada found that adding surface mulch had no significant effect on the survival of two of two planted herb species, after two growing seasons. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3313https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3313Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:05:55 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add surface mulch before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of mulching freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that mulching with woodchips before planting native shrubs had no significant effect on their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that mulching with woodchips before planting swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings had no significant effect on swamp gum cover, one year later. Mulching reduced cover of the problematic herb species in one of two swamps, but had no significant effect in the other. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that planted swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings reached a similar height, after one year, in mulched and unmulched plots. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3314https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3314Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:06:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add cover other than mulch before/after planting non-woody plants: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding cover other than mulch to freshwater wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting native understory herbs increased their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting native understory herbs reduced the cover of two problematic herb species, one year later. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3316https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3316Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:19:16 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add cover other than mulch before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding cover other than mulch to freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting native shrubs had no significant effect on their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings had no significant effect on swamp gum cover, one year later. Covering plots with mats also reduced cover of two problematic herb species. VEGETATION STRUCTURE                                          Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that planted swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings reached a similar height, after one year, in covered and uncovered plots. Covers were plastic or jute mats. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3318https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3318Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:19:45 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add cover other than mulch before/after planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding cover other than mulch to brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Mexico. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Growth (1 study): One controlled study on a sandflat in Mexico reported that planted black mangrove Avicennia germinans seedlings grew more in height, over six months, when shaded with black mesh than when not shaded. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3319https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3319Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:19:58 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce nurse plants to aid focal non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing nurse plants to brackish/saline wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, controlled study in an estuary in the USA reported that planting nurse plants had no effect on germination of sown arrowgrass Triglochin concinna. No seedlings were found around nurse plants or on bare sediment. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3325https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3325Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:42:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce nurse plants to aid focal trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing nurse plants to brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, controlled study on a mudflat in the USA found that planting black mangrove Avicennia germinans seedlings into created stands of saltwort Batis maritima did not clearly affect their survival, over seven weeks, compared to planting into bare mud. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3327https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3327Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:43:09 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use fences or barriers to protect planted brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of using fences or barriers to protect brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study in exposed coastal sites in the USA found that red mangrove Rhizophora mangle propagules planted within full-length plastic shelters had grown taller than propagules planted without shelter in three of four comparisons, made 22–129 days after planting. OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study in exposed coastal sites in the USA reported that full-length plastic shelters increased the survival rate of planted red mangrove Rhizophora mangle propagules over 4–8 months, but that full-length bamboo shelters and below-ground plastic shelters had no clear effect on survival. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3331https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3331Sun, 11 Apr 2021 13:15:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Remove vegetation that could compete with planted non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on emergent non-woody vegetation planted in brackish/saline wetlands, of removing competing plants. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in an estuarine salt marsh in the USA found that thinning cover of the dominant plant before sowing dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii seeds had no significant effect on saltwort seedling density, over the following two months. Survival (1 study): The same study found that thinning the dominant plant increased the survival rate of dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii transplants over the first six months after planting. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3333https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3333Sun, 11 Apr 2021 14:08:52 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Install physical supports for planted non-woody plants: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects of installing physical supports for emergent, non-woody plants planted in freshwater wetlands. The study was in the Netherlands. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Biomass/plant (1 study): One replicated, controlled study at the edge of a freshwater lake in the Netherlands found that supporting planted bulrushes Scirpus with wire mesh had no significant effect on biomass of individual plants after 1–2 years. Stems/plant (1 study): The same study found that supporting planted bulrushes Scirpus with wire mesh had no significant effect on number of shoots/plant after 1–2 years. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3336https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3336Sun, 11 Apr 2021 16:38:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Plant non-woody plants into moisture-retaining peat pots: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects of using moisture-retaining peat pots when planting emergent, non-woody vegetation in freshwater wetlands. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a wetland in the USA found that tussock sedge Carex stricta cover was similar across plots, after two growing seasons, whether sedges were planted into peat pots or into existing wetland soil. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Individual plant size (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a wetland in the USA found that the biomass of tussock sedge Carex stricta plants was similar, after two growing seasons, whether they were planted into peat pots or into existing wetland soil. OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a wetland in the USA found that the survival rate of tussock sedge Carex stricta plants was similar, after two growing seasons, whether they were planted into peat pots or into existing wetland soil. Growth (1 study): The same study found that the growth rate of tussock sedge Carex stricta was typically similar, over two growing seasons, when planted into peat pots or into existing wetland soil. However, in a dry area and in a dry year, planting in peat pots did increase the growth rate. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3341https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3341Sun, 11 Apr 2021 16:45:47 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Apply root dip to non-woody plants before planting: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects – on emergent, non-woody plants typical of brackish/saline wetlands – of applying a non-fungal root dip before planting. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study on mudflats in the USA found that root-dipping smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora before planting had mixed effects on cordgrass density after 1–2 growing seasons, but never increased it. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study on mudflats in the USA found that root-dipping smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora before planting had mixed effects on cordgrass height after two growing seasons. OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study on mudflats in the USA found that root-dipped smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora plants typically had a lower survival rate, after one growing season, than plants that had not been root-dipped. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3352https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3352Sun, 11 Apr 2021 17:13:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Soak trees/shrubs before planting: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects – on trees/shrubs typical of freshwater wetlands – of soaking them before planting. The study was in a greenhouse in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Biomass/plant (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a greenhouse in the USA found that soaking black willow Salix nigra cuttings before planting had no significant effect on the above-ground biomass of surviving seedlings, over the 48 days after planting. OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a greenhouse in the USA found that the effect, on survival, of soaking black willow cuttings before planting depended on the water regime after planting. However, all cuttings soaked for 15 days before planting died within 42 days of planting. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3361https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3361Sun, 11 Apr 2021 17:33:34 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Soak seeds of non-woody plants before sowing: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects – on emergent, non-woody plants typical of freshwater wetlands – of soaking their seeds before sowing. The study was in a greenhouse in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a greenhouse in the USA found that soaking bulrush seeds in water before sowing typically had no significant effect on their germination rate – especially amongst seeds that had not been manipulated in any other way before soaking. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3363https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3363Sun, 11 Apr 2021 20:16:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Heat seeds of non-woody plants before sowing: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects – on emergent, non-woody plants typical of freshwater wetlands – of heating their seeds before sowing. The study was in a greenhouse in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a greenhouse in the USA found that sawgrass Cladium jamaicense seeds dipped in hot water or dried in an oven before sowing had a similar germination rate to seeds that had not been heated. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3371https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3371Mon, 12 Apr 2021 07:43:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Heat tree/shrub seeds before sowing: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects – on trees/shrubs typical of freshwater wetlands – of heating their seeds before sowing. The study was in a laboratory in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE          OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, controlled study in a laboratory in the USA found that heating baldcypress Taxodium distichum seeds in a flame before sowing reduced their germination rate. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3373https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3373Mon, 12 Apr 2021 07:44:05 +0100
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What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

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