Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Change season/timing of prescribed burning: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of burning freshwater marshes in different seasons or at different times. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a marsh in the USA found that spring-burned plots had greater plant species richness than summer-burned plots, at the end of the growing season. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a marsh in the USA found that spring-burned plots had greater overall vegetation cover than summer-burned plots, at the end of the growing season. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study reported that the cover and frequency of some individual plant species responded differently to spring vs summer burning. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3074https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3074Fri, 02 Apr 2021 14:45:30 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control problematic plants (specific intervention unclear): freshwater marshes or swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of controlling problematic plants in freshwater marshes or swamps using unspecified or unclear methods. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study in the USA found that marshes in which non-native plants were actively controlled had higher overall plant richness and diversity, after three years, than marshes in which non-native plants were not controlled. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study in the USA found that marshes in which non-native plants were actively controlled had similar overall vegetation cover, after three years, to marshes in which non-native plants were not controlled. Individual species abundance (1 study): One study quantified the effect of this action on the abundance of individual plant species, other than those being controlled. The replicated, site comparison study in the USA found, for example, that spikerush Eleocharis cover was greater in marshes where non-native plants were actively controlled than where they were not controlled. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3083https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3083Fri, 02 Apr 2021 17:04:16 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control problematic plants (specific intervention unclear): brackish/saline marshes or swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of controlling problematic plants in brackish/saline marshes or swamps using unspecified or unclear methods. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study in salt marshes in the USA found that plots in which common reed Phragmites australis had been controlled 4–10 years previously contained a similar density of plant stems to nearby natural marshes Individual species abundance (1 study): One study quantified the effect of this action on the abundance of individual plant species, other than those being controlled. The replicated, site comparison study in salt marshes in the USA found that plots in which common reed Phragmites australis had been controlled 4–10 years previously had similar cover of saltmarsh cordgrass Spartina patens to nearby natural marshes. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study in salt marshes in the USA found that plots in which common reed Phragmites australis had been controlled 4–10 years previously contained vegetation of similar height to nearby natural marshes. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3084https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3084Fri, 02 Apr 2021 17:04:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control problematic plants (multiple interventions): freshwater marshes or swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of controlling problematic plants in freshwater marshes or swamps using >3 combined interventions. The study was in Costa Rica. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall extent (1 study): One controlled study in a freshwater marsh in Costa Rica reported that coverage of live vegetation stands was lower in a plot where southern cattail Typha domingensis had been controlled for >15 years than in a plot where cattail had not been controlled. Overall richness/diversity (1 study): The same study reported that a plot in which southern cattail Typha domingensis had been controlled for >15 years had greater plant species richness than a plot where cattail had not been controlled. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One controlled study in a freshwater marsh in Costa Rica reported that a plot in which southern cattail Typha domingensis had been controlled for >15 years had less live vegetation cover than a plot where cattail had not been controlled. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3087https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3087Sat, 03 Apr 2021 14:52:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Physically remove problematic plants: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of physically removing problematic plants from brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Native/non-target abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled, before-and-after study in pepperweed invaded marshes in the USA found that physically removing pepperweed from plots sprayed with herbicide increased cover of native plants, over the following two years, compared to spraying with herbicide only. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study quantified the effect of this action on the cover of individual plant species, other than the target of control (see original paper for data). VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3092https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3092Sat, 03 Apr 2021 14:59:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add salt to control problematic plants: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of directly adding salt to control problematic plants in brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled, before-and-after study in a salt marsh in the USA found that adding salt to control invasive beardgrass Polypogon monspeliensis had no significant effect on the height the dominant native glasswort Salicornia subterminalis. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3101https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3101Sun, 04 Apr 2021 09:24:29 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use cutting/mowing to control problematic herbaceous plants: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of cutting/mowing problematic herbaceous plants or small shrubs in brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a saltgrass-dominated marsh in the USA found that mown and unmown plots had similar overall plant species richness after one year. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in a saltgrass-dominated marsh in the USA found that mown and unmown plots had similar overall vegetation cover after one year. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that six dominant herb species, other than the species being controlled, had similar cover in mown and unmown plots after one year. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3105https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3105Sun, 04 Apr 2021 09:59:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use cutting to control problematic large trees/shrubs: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of cutting down problematic large trees/shrubs in brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One controlled, before-and-after study in a salt marsh in the USA reported that in seven of nine cases, the overall plant community composition varied more across plots from which mangrove trees had been removed than a plot from which mangrove trees had not been removed. Vegetation was surveyed after two years of continual tree removal. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One controlled, before-and-after study in a salt marsh in the USA reported that removing >50% of invading mangrove trees increased total cover of salt marsh vegetation two years later, but that removing <50% of invading mangrove trees had no clear effect. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3109https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3109Sun, 04 Apr 2021 14:32:13 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use prescribed fire to control problematic plants: freshwater swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of using prescribed fire to control problematic plants in freshwater swamps. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study aiming to restore a swamp in the USA found that burning canarygrass-invaded vegetation after spraying it with herbicide increased overall plant diversity, two growing seasons later, compared to spraying alone. However, burning had no significant effect on plant species richness. Native/non-target richness/diversity (1 study): The same study found that burning canarygrass-invaded vegetation after spraying it with herbicide had no significant effect on native plant species richness, two growing seasons later, compared to spraying alone. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study aiming to restore a swamp in the USA found that burning canarygrass-invaded vegetation after spraying it with herbicide had no significant effect on the density of non-planted tree seedlings, two growing seasons later, compared to spraying alone. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study reported that burning canarygrass-invaded vegetation after spraying it with herbicide affected the abundance of some individual plant species two growing seasons later. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3118https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3118Sun, 04 Apr 2021 16:05:25 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use covers/barriers to control problematic plants: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of using covers or barriers to control problematic plants in freshwater marshes. The study was in Canada. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled, before-and-after study in iris-invaded lakeshore marshes in Canada reported that covering plots with rubber sheeting after cutting back yellow iris Iris pseudacorus prevented most vegetation regrowth in an intermittently flooded marsh, but had no clear effect in a permanently flooded marsh. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3124https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3124Mon, 05 Apr 2021 09:58:41 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce organisms to control problematic plants: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing organisms (other than large vertebrate grazers) to control problematic plants in freshwater marshes. The study was in the USA. It involved introducing plants to compete with problematic plants. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in canarygrass-invaded wet meadows in the USA found that plots planted with upland vegetation (after mowing and applying herbicide) had greater overall plant species richness than untreated plots, after 1–3 growing seasons. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Native/non-target abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in canarygrass-invaded wet meadows in the USA found that plots planted with upland vegetation (after mowing and applying herbicide) typically had greater cover of unplanted native vegetation than untreated plots, after 1–3 growing seasons. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3128https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3128Mon, 05 Apr 2021 11:55:51 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce organisms to control problematic plants: freshwater swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing organisms (other than large vertebrate grazers) to control problematic plants in freshwater swamps. The study was in the USA. It involved introducing plants to compete with problematic plants. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled study in a petunia-invaded floodplain swamp in the USA found that plots planted with wetland herbs had greater overall plant species richness than unplanted plots, over the year after planting. Native/non-target richness/diversity (1 study): The same study found that planted plots had greater native plant species richness than unplanted plots, over the year after planting. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3130https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3130Mon, 05 Apr 2021 11:56:19 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce fertilizer or herbicide use: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation in freshwater marshes, of reducing the amount of fertilizer or herbicide used in the marshes or adjacent areas. The study was in Brazil. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study of rice fields in Brazil found that the overall plant community composition (excluding rice) was similar in organically farmed fields and conventionally farmed fields, but different from the community in nearby natural marshes. Overall richness/diversity (1 study): The same study found that organically farmed rice fields contained a similar average richness and diversity of wetland plants (at any single point in time) to conventionally farmed rice fields, although more species were recorded in the organic fields over the year of the study. Organically farmed rice fields had lower wetland plant richness and diversity than nearby natural marshes. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study of rice fields in Brazil found that organically farmed fields contained more wetland plant biomass than conventionally farmed fields over the year of the study, but less wetland plant biomass than nearby natural marshes. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3152https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3152Mon, 05 Apr 2021 15:48:02 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add lime or similar chemicals: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding neutralizing chemicals to freshwater marshes or their catchments. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Relative abundance (1 study): One replicated, controlled, before-and-after study of marsh vegetation in the USA found that liming had little effect on the relative abundance of plant taxa. For 48 of 49 taxa, differences or similarities in relative abundance between limed and unlimed areas before intervention persisted over two years after intervention. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One replicated, controlled, before-and-after study of marsh vegetation in the USA found that for most plant taxa, differences or similarities in abundance between limed and unlimed areas before intervention persisted over two years following intervention. This was true for 33 of 38 herbaceous plant taxa, eight of eight woody plant taxa, and two of three moss taxa. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3157https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3157Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:16:26 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add lime or similar chemicals: freshwater swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding neutralizing chemicals to freshwater swamps or their catchments. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Relative abundance (1 study): One replicated, controlled, before-and-after study of shrubby wetland vegetation in the USA found that liming had no significant effect on the relative abundance of plant taxa. For 49 of 49 taxa, differences or similarities in relative abundance between limed and unlimed areas before intervention persisted over two years after intervention. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One replicated, controlled, before-and-after study of shrubby wetland vegetation in the USA found that for most plant taxa, differences or similarities in abundance between limed and unlimed areas before intervention persisted over two years following intervention. This was true for 31 of 31 herbaceous plant taxa, 16 of 16 woody plant taxa, and one of two moss taxa. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3159https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3159Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:17:03 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Modify crop farming practices in watershed to reduce pollution: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation in freshwater marshes, of modifying crop farming practices in the watershed to reduce pollution. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One replicated, site comparison study in the USA reported that freshwater marshes being restored by abandoning cropland in the watershed (along with removing topsoil from the marshes) contained a different overall plant community, after 1–12 years, to both natural and degraded marshes nearby. Overall richness/diversity (1 study): The same study reported that freshwater marshes being restored by abandoning cropland in the watershed (along with removing topsoil from the marshes) contained fewer wetland plant species, after 1–12 years, than nearby natural marshes. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3166https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3166Tue, 06 Apr 2021 13:17:51 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Restore/create brackish/saline swamps in areas that will be climatically suitable in the future One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of restoring or creating brackish/saline swamps in areas expected to be climatically suitable in the future. The study was in South Africa. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall extent (1 study): One before-and-after study in an estuary in South Africa reported that over 42 years after planting mangrove trees just beyond their current range, the area of mangrove forests increased. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3189https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3189Tue, 06 Apr 2021 17:11:31 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Create mounds or hollows: brackish/saline swamps One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of creating mounds or hollows in brackish/saline swamps. The study was in Indonesia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One study in Indonesia simply reported the number of mangrove tree seedlings that had colonized a pile of branches placed in a disused aquaculture pond, around seven months after depositing the branches (and releasing mangrove propagules). VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3220https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3220Fri, 09 Apr 2021 12:55:02 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Remove surface soil/sediment: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of removing surface soil/sediment to restore or create brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the Netherlands. VEGETATION COMMUNITY                              Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One study in the Netherlands reported that 23 plant species colonized over two years after stripping topsoil from coastal farmland. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One study in the Netherlands reported the frequency of plant species that colonized over two years after stripping topsoil from coastal farmland. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3222https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3222Fri, 09 Apr 2021 13:08:28 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Disturb soil/sediment surface: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of disturbing the surface of brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One replicated, paired, site comparison study of brackish/salt marshes in the USA reported that marshes disked every spring for at least six years (and drawn down during spring/autumn) shared only 24–34% of plant species with marshes that were not disked (or drawn down). Overall richness/diversity (1 study): The same study found that overall plant species richness and diversity were similar in managed marshes (disked every spring and drawn down during spring/autumn, for at least six years) and unmanaged marshes (neither disked nor drawn down). VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3227https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3227Fri, 09 Apr 2021 14:04:14 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add sediment: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding sediment to existing freshwater marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in the USA reported that adding sediment to freshwater marshes typically reduced plant species richness after one growing season. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in the USA found that adding sediment to freshwater marshes had no significant effect on total live vegetation biomass after one growing season. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that adding sediment to freshwater marshes had no significant effect on the biomass of most of the dominant herbaceous species after one growing season. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3230https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3230Fri, 09 Apr 2021 14:26:32 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add inorganic fertilizer: freshwater marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding inorganic fertilizer to restore or create freshwater marshes. The study was in Germany. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Community composition (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled, before-and-after study in wet grasslands in Germany reported that the effect of annual fertilization (for 20 years) on the average moisture preference of the vegetation varied between sites. Overall richness/diversity (1 study): The same study reported that the effect of annual fertilization (for 20 years) on total plant species richness varied between sites. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Overall abundance (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study in wet grasslands in Germany reported that plots fertilized every spring contained more vegetation biomass, after 4–18 years, than unfertilized plots. Herb abundance (1 study): The same study reported that the effect of annual fertilization (for 20 years) on cover of herb groups (sedges, rushes, forbs, ferns, grasses and legumes) varied between sites. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled, before-and-after study in wet grasslands in Germany reported that the effect of annual fertilization (for 20 years) on vegetation height varied between sites. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3239https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3239Sat, 10 Apr 2021 12:11:20 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add inorganic fertilizer: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding inorganic fertilizer to restore or create brackish/salt marshes. The study was in Canada. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Characteristic plant abundance (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled, before-and-after study in salt-contaminated bogs in Canada found that adding fertilizer had no significant effect on cover of salt marsh vegetation, in unplanted plots, after one year. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3240https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3240Sat, 10 Apr 2021 12:12:30 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add below-ground organic matter: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding below-ground organic matter to restore or create brackish/salt marshes. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Individual species abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled, before-and-after study in a salt marsh in the USA found that plots amended with alginate contained a greater density of smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora than unamended plots after 6–52 weeks. However, amended and unamended plots contained similar smooth cordgrass biomass when it was sampled after 52 weeks. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, controlled, before-and-after study in a salt marsh in the USA found that amending plots with alginate had no significant effect on smooth cordgrass height in the first 16 weeks after intervention, but that amended plots contained taller smooth cordgrass than unamended plots after 28–52 weeks. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3244https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3244Sat, 10 Apr 2021 12:33:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add surface mulch: brackish/salt marshes One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of using organic mulch to restore or create brackish/salt marshes. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY Overall richness/diversity (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study on a sandflat in Australia found that mulched and unmulched plots had similar plant species richness over two years. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Herb abundance (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study on a sandflat in Australia found that mulched plots were more likely to contain glasswort Sarcocornia quinqueflora than unmulched plots, after 20 months. However, mulching had no significant effect on glasswort biomass after 20 months, and typically had no significant effect on glasswort cover over two years. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3248https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3248Sat, 10 Apr 2021 12:51:36 +0100
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What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

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