Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Scatter food throughout enclosure Two replicated, before-and-after and one before-and-after study in the USA found that scattering food throughout the enclosure increased feeding and exploratory behaviours in rhesus macaques and reduced abnormal behaviours in chimpanzees and aggression in lemurs. One before-and-after study in the USA found that when food was scattered throughout the enclosure more foraging was seen and activity levels increased in gorillas.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1315https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1315Wed, 12 Oct 2016 13:58:47 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present food in puzzle feeders Two before-and-after studies in the USA and the UK found that the use of puzzle feeders decreased food sharing, increased foraging behaviour, and the use of tools but also aggression. One replicated, before-and-after study in the USA found that the use of puzzle feeders increased time spent feeding and less time inactive.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1318https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1318Wed, 12 Oct 2016 14:51:50 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present food which requires the use (or modification) of tools No evidence was captured for the effects of presenting food to primates that required the use (or modification) of tools. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1319https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1319Wed, 12 Oct 2016 14:57:31 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present food in water (including dishes and ponds) One replicated, before-and-after study in the USA found that when exposed to water-filled troughs, monkeys were more active and increased their use of tools.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1320https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1320Wed, 12 Oct 2016 15:01:04 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present food frozen in ice Two replicated and before-and-after studies in the USA and Ireland, found that when food was presented in ice, feeding time increased and inactivity decreased.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1321https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1321Wed, 12 Oct 2016 15:05:37 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present food dipped in food colouring One before-and-after study in the USA found that when food was dipped in food colouring juvenile and adult orangutans ate more and took less time to consume it.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1322https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1322Wed, 12 Oct 2016 15:12:41 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present food items whole instead of processed One before-and-after study in the USA found that when macaques were presented with whole foods instead of chopped foods the amount consumed and time spent feeding increased.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1323https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1323Wed, 12 Oct 2016 15:33:43 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Present feeds at different crowd levels One before-and-after study in the USA found that when smaller crowds were present foraging and object use in chimpanzees increased. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1324https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1324Wed, 12 Oct 2016 15:38:41 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Paint gum solutions on rough bark No evidence was captured for the effects of painting gum solutions on rough bark for primates. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1325https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1325Wed, 12 Oct 2016 15:42:32 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide live vegetation in planters for foraging One replicated, before-and-after study in the USA reported that chimpanzees spent more time foraging when provided with planted rye grass and scattered sunflower seeds compared to browse and grass added to the enclosure with their normal diet.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1327https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1327Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:18:54 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Maximise both horizontal and vertical food presentation locations One controlled study in the UK and Madagascar found that when food was hung in trees in an outdoor enclosure, less time was spent feeding on food in the indoor enclosure. One replicated, before-and-after study in the UK reported that monkeys spent longer feeding in bowls positioned at the top of an enclosure than in bowls positioned on the floor.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1328https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1328Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:22:00 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide gum (including artificial gum) No evidence was captured for the effects of providing gum (including artificial gum) to primates. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1330https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1330Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:29:14 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide nectar (including artificial nectar) No evidence was captured for the effects of providing nectar (including artificial nectar) to primates. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1331https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1331Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:31:00 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide cut branches (browse) One replicated, before-and-after study in the Netherlands and Germany found that when presented with stinging nettles captive gorillas used the same processing skills as wild gorillas to forage.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1332https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1332Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:33:09 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide live invertebrates One before-and-after study in the UK found that when provided with live insect prey inactivity reduced and foraging increased in captive loris to levels seen in wild loris.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1333https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1333Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:35:55 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide herbs or other plants for self-medication No evidence was captured for the effects of providing herbs or other plants to primates for self-medication. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1334https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1334Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:37:30 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide fresh produce One replicated, before-and-after study in the USA found that when fresh produce was offered instead of pellet feed more time was spent feeding and less time inactive in rhesus macaques.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1335https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1335Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:40:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Modify ingredients/nutrient composition seasonally (not daily) to reflect natural variability No evidence was captured for the effects of modifying ingredients/nutrient composition of primate feed seasonally (not daily) to reflect natural variability. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1336https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1336Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:41:39 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide food at natural (wild) feeding times No evidence was captured for the effects of providing food to primates at natural (wild) feeding times. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1339https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1339Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:48:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Provide access to food at all times (day and night) No evidence was captured for the effects of providing primates access to food at all times (day and night). 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1340https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1340Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:49:38 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Primates: Use of automated feeders No evidence was captured for the effects of using an automated feeder for primates. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1341https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1341Thu, 13 Oct 2016 08:50:55 +0100
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What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

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