Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Netting A replicated study from 1999-2000 in shallow interconnected ponds in a nature reserve in Belgium1 found that double fyke nets could be used to significantly reduce the population of brown bullhead measuring over 8cm  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1051https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1051Wed, 07 Oct 2015 10:51:53 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Biological control using native predators No evidence was found on the impact of native predators on invasive bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1053https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1053Sun, 11 Oct 2015 20:12:08 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Biological control of beneficial species No evidence was found for reducing or controlling bullhead population size by reducing the population of co-occurring beneficial species. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1076https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1076Tue, 13 Oct 2015 12:59:42 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Habitat manipulation No evidence was captured on the impact of habitat manipulation on invasive bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1077https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1077Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:02:26 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Draining invaded waterbodies No evidence was found for use of draining invaded waterbodies to reduce the population size of invasive bullheads. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1078https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1078Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:03:40 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Electrofishing No evidence was found for use of electrofishing to reduce the population size of invasive bullheads. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.      Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1079https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1079Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:05:15 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Using a combination of netting and electrofishing No evidence was captured on the impact of electrofishing and gill netting combined on bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1080https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1080Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:08:24 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Trapping using sound or pheromonal lures No evidence has been found for the effectiveness of trapping bullheads using sound or pheromonal lures. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1081https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1081Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:09:55 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Increasing carbon dioxide concentrations No evidence was captured on the use of carbon dioxide for management of invasive bullheads. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1082https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1082Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:11:25 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: UV radiation No evidence was captured on the impact of UV radiation on bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1083https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1083Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:12:37 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Changing salinity No evidence was captured on the impact of changing salinity on bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1084https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1084Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:13:42 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Changing pH No evidence was captured on the impact of altering pH on bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1085https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1085Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:14:53 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Brown and black bullheads: Public education No evidence was captured on the impact of education programmes on invasive bullhead populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1086https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1086Tue, 13 Oct 2015 13:15:46 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Biological control using fungal-based herbicides We found no evidence for the effects of biological control using specific, non-selective or native herbivores on Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1276https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1276Thu, 30 Jun 2016 13:52:42 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Biological control using herbivores We found no evidence for the effects of biological control using specific, non-selective or native herbivores on Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1277https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1277Tue, 05 Jul 2016 16:21:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Physical control using manual/mechanical control or dredging We found no evidence for the effects of physical control, using manual or mechanical control or dredging, on Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1278https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1278Tue, 05 Jul 2016 16:27:37 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Chemical control using herbicides Seven studies (including one replicated and controlled study) in the UK, found that applying glyphosate reduced Crassula helmsii. In one before-and-after study at a single site glyphosate applied in combination with diquat reduced C. helmsii by 98%. Another before-and-after study at a single site found that covering C. helmsii with carpet before treating with glyphosate resulted in an 80% reduction in the plant. Three out of four studies (including one controlled study) in the UK found that applying diquat or diquat alginate reduced cover or eradicated submerged C. helmsii. One before-and-after study at a single site found that applying both diquat and glyphosate reduced C. helmsii by 98%. One small, before-and-after trial found no effect of diquat or diquat alginate on cover of C. helmsii. One out of two studies (including one replicated, controlled study) in the UK, found that treating submerged C. helmsii with dichlobenil in container trials led to partial reduction in its biomass. One small before-and-after field study found no effect of dichlobenil on C. helmsii. One replicated, controlled container trial in the UK found that treatment with terbutryne partially reduced biomass of submerged C. helmsii. The same study found reductions in emergent C. helmsii following treatment with asulam, 2,4-D amine and dalapon. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1279https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1279Tue, 05 Jul 2016 16:29:26 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Alter environmental conditions to control plants No evidence was captured on altering environmental conditions to control Crassula helmsii by using shading, increasing turbidity, re-shaping or re-profiling banks of waterbodies or dredging. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1296https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1296Tue, 12 Jul 2016 10:38:54 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Plant other species to suppress growth We found no evidence for the effects of using other plant species to control growth of Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1299https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1299Tue, 12 Jul 2016 10:42:46 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Dry out waterbodies to control plants We found no evidence for the effects of draining waterbodies on Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1303https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1303Tue, 12 Jul 2016 10:51:10 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Bury plants We found no evidence on the use of burying with soil alone to control Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1305https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1305Tue, 12 Jul 2016 10:53:24 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Surround with wire mesh We found no evidence that surrounding Crassula helmsii with wire mesh reduced its rate of spread. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1307https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1307Tue, 12 Jul 2016 10:54:59 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Decontamination to prevent further spread One controlled, replicated container study in the UK found that submerging Crassula helmsii in hot water led to higher mortality than drying out plant fragments or a control.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1308https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1308Tue, 12 Jul 2016 10:57:56 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Public education No evidence was captured on the impact of education programmes on control of Crassula helmsii. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1311https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1311Tue, 12 Jul 2016 11:01:15 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Crassula helmsii: Use a combination of control measures One before-and-after study at a single pond in the UK found covering Crassula helmsii with carpet, followed by treatment with the herbicide glyphosate, killed 80% of the plant. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1313https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1313Tue, 12 Jul 2016 11:04:35 +0100
What Works 2021 cover

What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

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