Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Breed for resistance traits A replicated, controlled study in Norway found increased survival levels in salmon exposed to infectious pancreatic necrosis when the family was bred for high resistance to the disease compared to a family bred for low resistance to the disease. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F735https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F735Mon, 03 Jun 2013 15:17:27 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Aerobic training A randomised, replicated, controlled study in Norway found higher survival rates in salmon exposed to infectious pancreatic necrosis if they had undergone aerobic training. Interval training was more effective than continuous training. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F740https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F740Mon, 03 Jun 2013 15:39:10 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Alter lighting A replicated, controlled study in Norway reported lower numbers of lice on salmon kept in low intensity artificial light or natural lighting. The more intense the artificial light was, the higher the number of lice found on fish. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F741https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F741Mon, 03 Jun 2013 15:41:00 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Alter cage size A replicated study in Australia recorded lower levels of amoebic gill disease in salmon kept within larger compared to smaller cages. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F742https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F742Mon, 03 Jun 2013 15:46:43 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Artificially mist habitat to keep it damp One before-and-after study in Tanzania found that installing a sprinkler system to mitigate against a 90% reduction of river flow did not maintain a population of Kihansi spray toads.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F755https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F755Wed, 14 Aug 2013 11:05:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add salt to ponds to reduce chytridiomycosis One study in Australia found that following addition of salt to a pond containing the chytrid fungus, a population of green and golden bell frogs remained free of chytridiomycosis for at least six months.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F762https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F762Fri, 16 Aug 2013 14:13:19 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Immunize amphibians against chytridiomycosis infection One randomized, replicated, controlled study in the USA found that vaccinating mountain yellow-legged frogs with formalin-killed chytrid fungus did not significantly reduce chytridiomycosis infection rate or mortality.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F765https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F765Fri, 16 Aug 2013 16:05:06 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Remove the chytrid fungus from ponds One before-and-after study in Mallorca found that pond drying and fungicidal treatment of resident midwife toads reduced levels of infection but did not eradicate chytridiomycosis.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F766https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F766Fri, 16 Aug 2013 16:11:48 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Treat amphibians with chytridiomycosis in the wild or pre-release One before-and-after study in Mallorca found that treating wild midwife toads with fungicide, along with pond drying, reduced infection levels but did not eradicate chytridiomycosis.    Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F767https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F767Fri, 16 Aug 2013 16:18:57 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Create walls or barriers to exclude pollutants One controlled study in Mexico found that installing filters across canals to improve water quality and exclude fish increased weight gain in axolotls.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F771https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F771Tue, 20 Aug 2013 15:11:46 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Mechanically remove mid-storey or ground vegetation One randomized, replicated, controlled study in the USA found that numbers of amphibian species, but not abundance, were significantly higher in plots with mechanical understory reduction compared to those without.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F781https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F781Thu, 22 Aug 2013 13:38:07 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Modify gully pots and kerbs One before-and-after study in the UK found that moving gully pots 10 cm away from the kerb decreased the number of great crested newts that fell in by 80%.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F782https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F782Thu, 22 Aug 2013 13:45:55 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Change mowing regime One before-and-after study in Australia found that restoration that included reduced mowing increased numbers of frog species.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F783https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F783Thu, 22 Aug 2013 13:49:26 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Plant riparian buffer strips One replicated, controlled study in the USA found that planting buffer strips along streams did not increase amphibian abundance, numbers of species, or the ratio of adults to tadpoles.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F819https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F819Fri, 23 Aug 2013 09:57:29 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce competition from native amphibians One replicated, site comparison study in the UK found that natterjack toad populations did not increase following common toad control.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F821https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F821Fri, 23 Aug 2013 10:51:47 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Remove or control invasive Cuban tree frogs One before-and-after study in the USA found that the abundance of squirrel tree frogs and green tree frogs increased after removal of invasive Cuban tree frogs.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F822https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F822Fri, 23 Aug 2013 10:55:01 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amend the soil with composts not otherwise specifiedOne controlled, randomized, replicated trial in Italy found that applying a high rate of compost increased soil organic matter levels, microbial biomass and fruit yield. SOIL TYPES COVERED: Silty-clay.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F889https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F889Mon, 30 Sep 2013 09:32:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Change the timing of manure applicationOne controlled, randomized, replicated site comparison study from the UK found less nitrate was lost from the soil when manure application was delayed from autumn until December or January. SOIL TYPE COVERED: sandy-loam.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F893https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F893Mon, 30 Sep 2013 11:16:56 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Incorporate leys into crop rotationOne replicated study from Denmark showed that reducing the extent of grass pasture in leys reduced the undesirable uptake of nitrogen by grasses, therefore requiring lower rates of fertilizer for subsequent crops. SOIL TYPE COVERED: sandy-loam.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F900https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F900Tue, 01 Oct 2013 11:32:25 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use alley croppingA controlled, randomized, replicated study from Canada found that intercropping with trees resulted in a higher diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. SOIL TYPES COVERED: sandy-loam.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F903https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F903Wed, 02 Oct 2013 08:57:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use an alternative protein source: yeast One replicated, controlled experiment in Norway found no differences in weight between Atlantic salmon that were fed diets containing the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica compared to a control diet containing fishmeal.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F920https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F920Fri, 25 Oct 2013 13:13:26 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Domestication: sterility/triploidy A controlled, replicated study in Ireland found reduced return of stock but similar weight, length and condition of triploid salmon compared with diploid salmon.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F939https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F939Fri, 25 Oct 2013 15:26:15 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Dry sludge in beds Two replicated trials in Canada found sludge drying beds removed phosphorus from freshwater fish farm sludge. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F943https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F943Mon, 28 Oct 2013 12:43:08 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use exclusion nets A replicated, controlled trial in Australia found higher levels of sediment carbon at stocked cages with exclusion nets compared to cages without exclusion nets. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F945https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F945Mon, 28 Oct 2013 12:45:50 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Establish fallowing to reduce pollutionA trial in Tasmania found sediment community structure under Atlantic salmon cages became more similar to non- impacted sites over two fallowing cycles.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1027https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1027Wed, 18 Jun 2014 14:45:25 +0100
What Works 2021 cover

What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

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