Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Manage land under power lines for wildlifeOne replicated trial in Maryland, USA found more bee species under power lines managed as scrub than in equivalent areas of annually mown grassland.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F31https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F31Thu, 20 May 2010 01:34:31 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Prevent spread of the small hive beetleOne replicated trial in the USA tested the effect of using mite-killing strips in commercial honey bee Apis mellifera transport packages, to reduce the spread of small hive beetle. More than half the beetles escaped the packages and were not killed by the strip.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F41https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F41Thu, 20 May 2010 04:31:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Manage wild honey bees sustainablyWe can find no evidence of the impact of reduced honey-hunting or improved harvesting methods on wild honey bee populations. One trial in southern Vietnam, showed that occupancy of artificial rafters by the giant honey bee Apis dorsata can be over 85% when rafters are placed by a large clearing greater than 25 m in diameter.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F32https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F32Thu, 20 May 2010 05:25:33 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Legally protect large native treesA study in degraded savannah in Minas Gerais, Brazil showed that the stingless bee species Melipona quadrifasciata selectively nested in the protected cerrado tree Caryocar brasiliense, evidence that protecting this species from logging or wood harvesting has helped to conserve stingless bees.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F34https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F34Thu, 20 May 2010 09:28:04 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Exclude introduced European earwigs from nest sitesIn California, USA, a replicated controlled trial showed that numbers of introduced European earwigs Forficula auricularia resting in solitary bee nest boxes can be reduced using a sticky barrier Tanglefoot. This treatment increased the use of the boxes by native bees.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F44https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F44Thu, 20 May 2010 10:20:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Provide nest boxes for stingless beesOne replicated trial tested nest boxes placed in trees for the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata in Brazil and found no uptake.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F49https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F49Thu, 20 May 2010 11:16:43 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Translocate solitary beesOne replicated trial in India showed that translocating carpenter bees Xylocopa fenestrata in immature stages can establish a population at a new site, but if adult bees are translocated a very small proportion remain at the new site.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F55https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F55Thu, 20 May 2010 11:18:56 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Retain dead wood in forest managementWe have found no evidence on the impact of retaining dead wood in forests or woodlands on wild bee communities or populations.  'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F36https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F36Thu, 20 May 2010 12:43:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control fire risk using mechanical shrub control and/or prescribed burningOne replicated controlled trial in mixed temperate forest in the USA showed that for bee conservation, it is best to control fire using cutting and burning combined. This increases herbaceous plant cover in subsequent years.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F37https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F37Thu, 20 May 2010 12:49:47 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Keep pure breeding populations of native honey bee subspeciesOne replicated trial in Switzerland found that pure breeding populations of the European black honey bee Apis mellifera mellifera contained a significant proportion (28%) of hybrids with an introduced subspecies Apis mellifera carnica.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F43https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F43Thu, 20 May 2010 14:49:31 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce mated females to small populations to improve genetic diversityOne trial in Brazil showed that genetic diversity can be maintained in small isolated populations of stingless bees Melipona scutellaris by regularly introducing inseminated queens.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F56https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F56Thu, 20 May 2010 15:23:26 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Restore species-rich grassland on road vergesOne replicated controlled trial showed that road verges planted with native prairie vegetation in Kansas, USA supported a greater number and diversity of bees than frequently mown grassed verges.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F30https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F30Thu, 20 May 2010 18:38:51 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce pesticide or herbicide use generallyOne replicated trial in the USA showed that numbers of foraging bees on squash farms are not affected by the responsible use of pesticides.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F27https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F27Thu, 20 May 2010 19:22:20 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Distribute poison bait for predator control using dispensersA controlled study in New Zealand found that survival of South Island robins Petroica australis australis was higher when brodifacoum was dispensed from bait feeders compared to where bait was scattered.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F157https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F157Tue, 15 May 2012 12:37:19 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Raise awareness amongst the general public through campaigns and public informationA review of programmes in the USA and Canada argues that education was not sufficient to change behaviour, although it was necessary as a catalytic factor for economic incentives and law enforcement.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F162https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F162Sat, 19 May 2012 19:59:49 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Provide bird feeding materials to families with young childrenA single replicated before-and-after study from the USA found that most children involved in a programme providing families with bird food increased their knowledge of birds, but there was no significant change in environmental attitudes.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F163https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F163Sat, 19 May 2012 20:07:24 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Angle windows to reduce collisions by birdsA single randomised, replicated and controlled experiment in the USA found fewer birds collided with windows angled away from the vertical.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F166https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F166Sat, 19 May 2012 20:14:31 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Plant new hedgesA small study from the USA found that the population of northern bobwhites increased following several interventions including the planting of new hedges.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F178https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F178Wed, 30 May 2012 14:09:27 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Mark nests during harvestA replicated study from the Netherlands found that northern lapwing Vanellus vanellus nests were less likely to be destroyed when they were marked, compared to when they were not.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F194https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F194Wed, 27 Jun 2012 17:39:00 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Relocate nests at harvest time to reduce nestling mortalityA replicated controlled study from Spain found that clutches that were temporarily removed from fields during harvest and then replaced had higher hatching and fledging rates than control clutches. Effects were greater on clutches that were older when moved.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F195https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F195Wed, 27 Jun 2012 17:41:59 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control scrub on farmlandA replicated study from the UK found a negative relationship between the number of young grey partridge Perdix perdix per adult and a combined intervention of scrub control, rough grazing and the restoration of various semi-natural habitats.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F197https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F197Wed, 27 Jun 2012 17:55:08 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Take field corners out of managementA replicated study in the UK found that overwinter survival of grey partridge Perdix perdix was higher where field corners were taken out of management than on other sites for one of three winters. There was no relationship with the intervention and brood size, the ratio of young to old birds or density changes.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F198https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F198Wed, 27 Jun 2012 17:57:04 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce conflict by deterring birds from taking crops using repellentsA replicated, randomised and controlled ex situ study in the USA found that dickcissels Spiza americana consumed less rice if it was treated with two repellents, compared to controls. Two other repellents did not reduce consumption as effectively.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F200https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F200Thu, 28 Jun 2012 11:40:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Increase crop diversity to benefit birdsA before-and-after study in the UK found that more barnacle geese Branta leucopsis used a site after the amount of land used to grow cereals was reduced and other interventions were used.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F201https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F201Thu, 28 Jun 2012 11:43:13 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Plant more than one crop per field (intercropping)A study from the USA found that 35 species of bird used fields with intercropping, with four nesting, but that productivity from the fields was very low.  Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F209https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F209Sun, 15 Jul 2012 17:42:11 +0100
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What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

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