Conservation Evidence: Evidence Data

Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control mammalian predators on islands for raptorsA study in Mauritius found that numbers of Mauritius kestrel Falco punctatus may have increased following the trapping of predators near nests. However, the authors do not provide any data to support this observation. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F379https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F379Wed, 08 Aug 2012 14:14:47 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control invasive ants on islandsA replicated, randomised and controlled, before-and-after paired sites study in the USA found temporarily increased fledging success, but no decrease in injuries inflicted by Solenopsis geminata on wedge-tailed shearwaters Puffinus pacificus following ant control. However, there was no change in fledging success or injury rate on an island dominated by the big-headed ant Pheidole megacephala following its eradication, either on the experimental or control island. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F383https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F383Wed, 08 Aug 2012 15:13:13 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control predators not on islandsA single replicated and randomised, paired sites study from the UK found that plots with predator control had increased density and fledgling success of breeding birds. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F384https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F384Wed, 08 Aug 2012 15:17:43 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control predators not on islands for railsA single study from the USA found more California clapper rails Rallus longirostris obsoletus on sites with higher numbers of foxes removed. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F388https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F388Wed, 08 Aug 2012 17:35:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control predators not on islands for cranesA single trial from the USA found that greater sandhill cranes Grus canadensis tabida had higher hatching and fledging success in years with predator control, compared to years without control. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F389https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F389Wed, 08 Aug 2012 17:37:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Control predators not on islands for parrotsA replicated, controlled trial in New Zealand found increased kaka Nestor meridionalis nesting success and lower predation at sites with mammal predator removal than at unmanaged sites. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F391https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F391Thu, 09 Aug 2012 13:05:06 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce nest predation by excluding predators from nests or nesting areasA 2011 systematic review found that excluding predators from nests significantly increased hatching success, although individual barriers around nests sometimes had adverse impacts. See also: Physically protect nests from predators using non-electric fencing; Physically protect nests with individual exclosures/barriers or provide shelters for chicks; Protect bird nests using electric fencing; Use artificial nests that discourage predation; Guard nests to prevent predation; Plant nesting cover to reduce nest predation; Protect nests from ants; Use multiple barriers to protect nests; Use naphthalene to deter mammalian predators; Use snakeskin to deter mammalian nest predators; Play spoken-word radio programs to deter predators; Use 'cat curfews' to reduce predation; Use lion dung to deter domestic cats; Use mirrors to deter nest predators; Use ultrasonic devices to deter cats; Can nest protection increase nest abandonment?; and Can nest protection increase predation of adults and chicks?Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F396https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F396Thu, 09 Aug 2012 14:28:57 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Physically protect nests with individual exclosures/barriers or provide shelters for chicks of storks and ibisesA randomised, replicated and controlled study from Cambodia found that giant ibis Thaumatibis gigantean fledgling rates were higher for nests in protected trees than controls. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F399https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F399Thu, 16 Aug 2012 13:10:41 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use snakeskin to deter mammalian nest predatorsA randomised, replicated and controlled trial in the USA found that artificial nests were less likely to be predated if they had snake skin wrapped around them than control nests. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F406https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F406Thu, 16 Aug 2012 15:07:38 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use naphthalene to deter mammalian predatorsA replicated, controlled study from the USA found that scattering naphthalene moth balls near artificial nests did not affect predation rates. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F408https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F408Thu, 16 Aug 2012 15:11:27 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Protect nests from antsA randomised, replicated and controlled study from the USA found higher fledging success from white-eyed vireo Vireo griseus nests protected from ants with a physical barrier and a chemical repellent, compared to control nests. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F410https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F410Thu, 16 Aug 2012 15:15:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce inter-specific competition for nest sites by modifying habitats to exclude competitor speciesA replicated controlled study from the USA found no impact of midstorey clearance on the occupation of red-cockaded woodpecker Picoides borealis nesting cavities by southern flying squirrels Glaucomys volans. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F425https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F425Fri, 17 Aug 2012 17:32:51 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce competition between species by providing nest boxesA replicated, controlled study from the USA found that providing extra nest boxes did not reduce the rate at which common starlings Sturnus vulgaris usurped northern flickers Colaptes auratus from nests. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F427https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F427Fri, 17 Aug 2012 17:51:50 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce adverse habitat alterations by excluding problematic aquatic speciesA replicated paired study in the USA found that waterbirds preferentially used wetland plots from which grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella were excluded but moved as these became depleted over the winter. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F430https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F430Wed, 22 Aug 2012 13:58:45 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use buffer zones to reduce the impact of invasive plant controlA study from the USA found that having buffer zones around snail kite Rostrhamus sociabilis nests, where no herbicides were sprayed, resulted in no nests being lost during a vegetation control programme. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F433https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F433Wed, 22 Aug 2012 14:49:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce nest ectoparasites by providing beneficial nesting materialA randomised, replicated and controlled experiment in Canada found lower numbers of some, but not all, parasites in nests provided with beneficial nesting material, but that there was no effect on fledging rates or chick condition. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F439https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F439Thu, 23 Aug 2012 14:26:34 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use false brood parasite eggs to discourage brood parasitismA replicated, controlled experiment in the USA found lower parasitism rates for red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus nests with false or real brown-headed cowbird Molothrus ater eggs added to them. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F444https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F444Thu, 23 Aug 2012 16:03:29 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Alter artificial nest sites to discourage brood parasitismA replicated trial from Puerto Rico found that brood parasitism levels were extremely high across all nest box designs tested. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F446https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F446Thu, 23 Aug 2012 16:06:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use copper strips to exclude snails from nestsA single small, before-and-after study in Mauritius found no snail-caused chick mortality in 2004–7 after the installation of copper strips at seven echo parakeet Psittacula eques nest holes, compared to four fatalities in 2003–4. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F447https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F447Thu, 23 Aug 2012 16:08:25 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Relocate birds following oil spillsA replicated study in South Africa found that a higher percentage of African penguins Spheniscus demersus that were relocated following an oil spill bred at their old colonies, compared to birds which were rehabilitated after being oiled, despite fewer relocated birds being seen at their home colony. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F449https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F449Wed, 29 Aug 2012 13:27:22 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use repellents to deter birds from landing on pools polluted by miningA randomised, replicated and controlled ex situ trial from the USA found that fewer common starlings Sturnus vulgaris consumed contaminated water when it was treated with repellents, compared to untreated water. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F453https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F453Wed, 29 Aug 2012 13:51:48 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Provide food for vultures to reduce mortality from diclofenacA before-and-after trial in Pakistan found that oriental white-backed vulture Gyps bengalensis mortality rates were significantly lower when supplementary food was provided, compared to when it was not. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F456https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F456Wed, 29 Aug 2012 14:30:48 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reduce chemical inputs in permanent grassland managementA randomised, replicated, controlled study from the UK found that no more foraging birds were attracted to pasture plots with no fertiliser, compared to control plots. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F459https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F459Wed, 29 Aug 2012 14:37:13 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use lime to reduce acidification in lakesA before-and-after study from Sweden found no difference in osprey Pandion haliaetus productivity during a period of extensive liming of acidified lakes compared to two periods without liming. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F465https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F465Wed, 29 Aug 2012 16:12:27 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Turn off lights to reduce mortality from artificial lightsA before-and-after study from the UK found that fewer seabirds (Manx shearwaters Puffinus puffinus, European storm petrels Hydrobates pelagicus and Leach’s storm petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa) were attracted to artificial lighting and downed when lighting was reduced at night, compared to when normal lighting was in place. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F467https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F467Wed, 29 Aug 2012 16:24:50 +0100