Conservation Evidence: Evidence Data

Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Employ areas of semi-natural habitat for rough grazing We found no evidence for the effects of employing areas of semi-natural habitat for rough grazing. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F234https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F234Tue, 17 Jul 2012 15:56:10 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Dye baits to reduce seabird bycatchA randomised replicated and controlled study in Hawaii found that dying bait blue significantly reduced the number of attacks from albatross on baits being set. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F293https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F293Tue, 24 Jul 2012 16:57:28 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Employ areas of semi-natural habitat for rough grazing (includes salt marsh, lowland heath, bog, fen) A series of site comparison studies from the UK found that areas of heathland that had been re-seeded with grass to improve livestock grazing were avoided by nesting whimbrels but were the main early spring feeding areas for them. There was no difference in whimbrel chick survival between areas of heathland re-seeded with grass and those that had not. Two replicated studies from the UK found higher butterfly abundance and species richness and a higher frequency of occurrence of songbirds and invertebrate-feeding birds on areas of grazed semi-natural upland grassland than grazed improved pasture. However members of the crow family showed the opposite trend. A review found excluding cattle from fenland reduced the number of plant species, and that low-medium grazing levels could have positive effects on fenland biodiversity but may need to be accompanied by additional management such as mowing. One study from the UK found northern lapwing nest survival and clutch size were greater on ungrazed than grazed marshes. A replicated site comparison from the UK found the proportion of young grey partridges was negatively associated with rough grazing (in combination with several other interventions). Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F697https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F697Fri, 07 Dec 2012 15:57:06 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Eco friendly biofouling prevention A replicated, controlled study in Australia found silicon coated nets accumulated less biofouling organisms which could be more easily removed than untreated nets. Two replicated, controlled trials found that a temperature of 50oC prevented the settlement of actinulae and hydroids on nets Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F937https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F937Fri, 25 Oct 2013 15:24:13 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Domestication: sterility/triploidy A controlled, replicated study in Ireland found reduced return of stock but similar weight, length and condition of triploid salmon compared with diploid salmon. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F939https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F939Fri, 25 Oct 2013 15:26:15 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Dry sludge in beds Two replicated trials in Canada found sludge drying beds removed phosphorus from freshwater fish farm sludge. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F943https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F943Mon, 28 Oct 2013 12:43:08 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate the public to improve perception of bats to improve behaviour towards bats We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating the public to improve the perception of bats to improve behaviour towards bats. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1000https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1000Fri, 20 Dec 2013 17:09:30 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Do not allow people to consume food within natural areas where primates can view them We found no evidence for the effects of not allowing people to consume food within natural areas where primates can view them on primate populations. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1508https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1508Wed, 18 Oct 2017 15:06:29 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use One before-and-after study in Cameroon found that numbers of drills increased after the implementation of an education programme, alongside one other intervention. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1563https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1563Fri, 20 Oct 2017 10:07:49 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Drain/replace acidic water Two studies evaluated the effects on peatland vegetation of draining/replacing acidic surface water. Both studies were in fens. Vegetation cover (2 studies): Two controlled studies in fens in the Netherlands reported that draining acidic water had mixed effects on cover of Sphagnum moss and herbs after 4–5 years, depending on the species and whether moss was also removed. Overall plant richness/diversity (1 study): One controlled, before-and-after study in a fen in the Netherlands reported that draining and replacing acidic water increased plant species richness. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1791https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1791Tue, 28 Nov 2017 08:18:46 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate homeowners about building and planning laws relating to bats to reduce disturbance to bat roosts We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating homeowners and planning authorities about building and planning laws relating to bats to reduce disturbance to bat roosts. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1931https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1931Fri, 30 Nov 2018 14:34:44 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate farmers, land managers and local communities about the benefits of bats to improve management of bat habitats We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating farmers, land managers and local communities about the benefits of bats to improve management of bat habitats. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2040https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2040Wed, 05 Dec 2018 18:35:58 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate pest controllers and homeowners/tenants to reduce the illegal use of pesticides in bat roosts We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating pest controllers and homeowners/tenants to reduce the illegal use of pesticides in bat roosts on bat populations. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2043https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2043Wed, 05 Dec 2018 18:40:13 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate farmers, local communities and pest controllers to reduce indiscriminate culling of vampire bats We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating farmers, local communities and pest controllers to reduce indiscriminate culling of vampire bats. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2044https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2044Wed, 05 Dec 2018 18:41:06 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Eliminate fisheries subsidies that encourage overfishing We found no studies that evaluated the effects of eliminating fisheries subsidies that encourage overfishing on subtidal benthic invertebrate populations. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this intervention during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore, we have no evidence to indicate whether or not the intervention has any desirable or harmful effects.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2115https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2115Tue, 22 Oct 2019 09:46:37 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Drive wild animals away using domestic animals of the same species to reduce human-wildlife conflict One study evaluated the effects of using domestic animals to drive away wild mammals to reduce human-wildlife conflict. This study was in India. COMMUNITY RESPONSE (0 STUDIES) POPULATION RESPONSE (0 STUDIES) BEHAVIOUR (0 STUDIES) OTHER (1 STUDY) Human-wildlife conflict (1 study): One study in India found that using domestic elephants to drive wild Asian elephants away from villages did not reduce the probability of elephants damaging crops. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2513https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2513Fri, 05 Jun 2020 09:48:03 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Eliminate highly virulent diseases early in an epidemic by culling all individuals (healthy and infected) in a defined area We found no studies that evaluated the effects on mammals of eliminating highly virulent diseases early in an epidemic by culling all individuals (healthy and infected) in a defined area. 'We found no studies' means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this intervention during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore, we have no evidence to indicate whether or not the intervention has any desirable or harmful effects.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2585https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2585Wed, 10 Jun 2020 15:54:32 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Eliminate flags of convenience We found no studies that evaluated the effects of eliminating flags of convenience on marine fish populations. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this intervention during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore, we have no evidence to indicate whether or not the intervention has any desirable or harmful effects. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2769https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2769Wed, 03 Feb 2021 10:27:16 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate local communities and fishers on mammal protection laws to reduce killing of marine and freshwater mammals We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating local communities and fishers on mammal protection laws to reduce killing of marine and freshwater mammals. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2788https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2788Thu, 04 Feb 2021 16:26:07 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate the public to reduce consumer demand for fisheries that threaten mammals We found no studies that evaluated the effects of educating the public to reduce consumer demand for fisheries that threaten mammals on marine and freshwater mammal populations. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2837https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2837Fri, 05 Feb 2021 16:10:27 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Educate the public to improve behaviour towards marine and freshwater mammals Three studies evaluated the effects of educating the public to improve behaviour towards marine and freshwater mammals. One study was in each of the North Atlantic Ocean (USA), the Sundarbans mangroves (Bangladesh) and the South Pacific Ocean (Peru). COMMUNITY RESPONSE (0 STUDIES) POPULATION RESPONSE (0 STUDIES) BEHAVIOUR (3 STUDIES) Change in human behaviour (3 studies): Three before-and-after studies in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Sundarbans mangroves and the South Pacific Ocean found that after educational whale-watching tours or an educational exhibition, participants were more willing to change their behaviour to support marine conservation, to donate money to marine conservation, or to cut their fishing nets to save entangled dolphins. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2935https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F2935Tue, 09 Feb 2021 11:41:45 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Drill seed rather than seeding by hand Five studies examined the effects of drill seeding rather than sowing by hand on grassland vegetation. The studies were in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY (3 STUDIES) Overall richness/diversity (3 studies): Two of three replicated, controlled studies (two of which were paired) in the USA found that sowing seeds with a seed drill did not alter plant species richness. The other study found mixed effects. VEGETATION ABUNDANCE (4 STUDIES) Sown/planted species abundance (3 studies): One of three replicated, controlled studies (two of which were randomized and one paired) in the USA found that sowing seeds with a seed drill increased the density of two sown grass species compared to sowing by hand. The two other studies found that in most cases sowing seeds with a seed drill led to no change or a reduction in the abundance of sown plants compared to hydroseeding or sowing by hand. Grass abundance (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study in the USA found that sowing grassland seeds with a seed drill increased the abundance of warm-season grass species compared to sowing by hand. VEGETATION STRUCTURE (0 STUDIES)Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3410https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3410Fri, 25 Jun 2021 15:23:50 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Eliminate fisheries subsidies that encourage overfishing We found no studies that evaluated the effects of eliminating fisheries subsidies that encourage overfishing on marine fish populations. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this intervention during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore, we have no evidence to indicate whether or not the intervention has any desirable or harmful effects. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3820https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3820Fri, 27 May 2022 08:47:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Employ adaptive management methods to achieve long-term goals We found no studies that evaluated the effects of employing adaptive management methods to achieve long-term goals on marine fish populations. ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this intervention during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore, we have no evidence to indicate whether or not the intervention has any desirable or harmful effects. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3827https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3827Fri, 27 May 2022 09:41:07 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Employ areas of semi-natural habitat for rough grazing (includes salt marsh, lowland heath, bog, fen) Nine studies evaluated the effects on butterflies and moths of employing areas of semi-natural habitat for rough grazing. Three studies were in Germany, two were in each of the UK and the Netherlands, and one was in each of China and Canada. COMMUNITY RESPONSE (5 STUDIES) Community composition (1 study): One controlled study in Germany found that after 16–18 years of sheep grazing, lightly grazed and ungrazed saltmarshes had a different community of micro-moths to heavily grazed saltmarsh. Richness/diversity (4 studies): Two replicated, site comparison studies (including one paired study) in the Netherlands and Canada found that calcareous coastal dunes and shrubsteppe managed by cattle or pony grazing for 4–13 or 6–40 years had a similar species richness of butterflies (in one case combined with all pollinators) to unmanaged land or dunes managed by cutting. One controlled study in Germany found that saltmarsh managed by light sheep grazing for 15–18 years had a greater species richness of micro-moths than moderately or heavily grazed marsh, but a similar species richness to ungrazed marsh. One replicated, site comparison study in the UK found that upland rough grassland managed by livestock grazing had a greater species richness of butterflies than permanently or partially grazed improved grassland. POPULATION RESPONSE (7 STUDIES) Abundance (7 studies): Two of four studies (including two controlled studies, one before-and-after study and two site comparison studies) in the UK, the Netherlands, China and Canada found that fenland and calcareous coastal dunes managed by cattle or pony grazing for two or 4–13 years had a higher abundance of large copper eggs and four of 13 species of butterfly than unmanaged land or dunes managed by cutting. One study found that meadow steppe grazed by cattle, goats or sheep for 1–5 years had a lower abundance of butterflies and moths than ungrazed steppe. The fourth study found that shrubsteppe grazed by cattle for 6–40 years had a similar abundance of pollinators (including butterflies) to ungrazed shrubsteppe. Two controlled studies (including one replicated, paired study) in Germany found that saltmarsh managed by light sheep grazing for 15–18 or 19–22 years had a higher total abundance of micro-moths, and of two out of seven caterpillars, than moderately or heavily grazed, or ungrazed marsh. However, one of these studies also reported that the abundance of four other caterpillars was lower in lightly or heavily grazed marsh than in ungrazed marsh. One replicated, site comparison study in the UK found that upland rough grassland managed by livestock grazing had a higher abundance of butterflies than permanently or partially grazed improved grassland. BEHAVIOUR (2 STUDIES) Use (2 studies): Two replicated, site comparison studies in the Netherlands found that calcareous coastal dunes and heathland managed by cattle or pony, or year-round horse and sheep, grazing for five or 4–13 years were more likely to be occupied by brown argus and Alcon large blue than unmanaged land or habitat managed by cutting, grazing and sod cutting, or summer-only cattle and sheep grazing. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3944https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3944Sat, 13 Aug 2022 14:58:18 +0100