Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Raise water level (before/after planting)We found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of raising the water level in areas planted with emergent marsh/swamp plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3274https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3274Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:03:59 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Lower water level (before/after planting)We found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of lowering the water level in areas planted with emergent marsh/swamp plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3275https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3275Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:04:37 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Facilitate tidal exchange before/after planting non-woody plants: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of facilitating tidal exchange in freshwater wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3276https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3276Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:07:18 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Facilitate tidal exchange before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of facilitating tidal exchange in freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3278https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3278Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:07:37 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Facilitate tidal exchange before/after planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of facilitating tidal exchange in brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3279https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3279Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:07:46 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Irrigate (before/after planting)We found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of irrigating areas planted with emergent marsh/swamp plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3280https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3280Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:15:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Actively manage water level before/after planting non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of actively managing water levels in brackish/saline wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3282https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3282Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:15:48 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Actively manage water level before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of actively managing water levels in freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3283https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3283Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:15:55 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Reprofile/relandscape (before planting)We found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of reprofiling/relandscaping before planting emergent marsh/swamp plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3285https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3285Sat, 10 Apr 2021 17:30:50 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Remove surface soil/sediment (before planting)We found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of removing surface soil/sediment before planting emergent marsh/swamp plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3290https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3290Sat, 10 Apr 2021 20:04:01 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Bury surface soil/sediment (before planting)We found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of burying surface soil/sediment before planting emergent marsh/swamp plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3291https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3291Sat, 10 Apr 2021 20:05:00 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Disturb soil/sediment surface before planting non-woody plants: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of disturbing the surface of freshwater wetlands before planting emergent, non-woody plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3292https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3292Sun, 11 Apr 2021 07:56:39 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Disturb soil/sediment surface before planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of disturbing the surface of freshwater wetlands before planting trees/shrubs.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3294https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3294Sun, 11 Apr 2021 07:57:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add upland topsoil before/after planting non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding upland topsoil to brackish/saline wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3297https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3297Sun, 11 Apr 2021 08:11:32 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add upland topsoil before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding upland topsoil to freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3298https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3298Sun, 11 Apr 2021 08:11:43 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add upland topsoil before/after planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding upland topsoil to brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3299https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3299Sun, 11 Apr 2021 08:11:53 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add lime or similar chemicals before/after planting non-woody plants: freshwater wetlandsWe found no studies that evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding neutralizing chemicals to freshwater wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants.   ‘We found no studies’ means that we have not yet found any studies that have directly evaluated this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3300https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3300Sun, 11 Apr 2021 08:46:21 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add surface mulch before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of mulching freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that mulching with woodchips before planting native shrubs had no significant effect on their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that mulching with woodchips before planting swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings had no significant effect on swamp gum cover, one year later. Mulching reduced cover of the problematic herb species in one of two swamps, but had no significant effect in the other. VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that planted swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings reached a similar height, after one year, in mulched and unmulched plots. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3314https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3314Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:06:05 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add cover other than mulch before/after planting non-woody plants: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding cover other than mulch to freshwater wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting native understory herbs increased their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting native understory herbs reduced the cover of two problematic herb species, one year later. VEGETATION STRUCTURECollected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3316https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3316Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:19:16 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add cover other than mulch before/after planting trees/shrubs: freshwater wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding cover other than mulch to freshwater wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Australia. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE Tree/shrub abundance (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting native shrubs had no significant effect on their overall cover, one year later. Individual species abundance (1 study): The same study found that covering plots with plastic or jute mats before planting swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings had no significant effect on swamp gum cover, one year later. Covering plots with mats also reduced cover of two problematic herb species. VEGETATION STRUCTURE                                          Height (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in floodplain swamps in Australia found that planted swamp gum Eucalyptus camphora seedlings reached a similar height, after one year, in covered and uncovered plots. Covers were plastic or jute mats. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3318https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3318Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:19:45 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Add cover other than mulch before/after planting trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of adding cover other than mulch to brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in Mexico. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Growth (1 study): One controlled study on a sandflat in Mexico reported that planted black mangrove Avicennia germinans seedlings grew more in height, over six months, when shaded with black mesh than when not shaded. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3319https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3319Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:19:58 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce nurse plants to aid focal non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing nurse plants to brackish/saline wetlands planted with emergent, non-woody plants. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, controlled study in an estuary in the USA reported that planting nurse plants had no effect on germination of sown arrowgrass Triglochin concinna. No seedlings were found around nurse plants or on bare sediment. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3325https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3325Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:42:44 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Introduce nurse plants to aid focal trees/shrubs: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of introducing nurse plants to brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, controlled study on a mudflat in the USA found that planting black mangrove Avicennia germinans seedlings into created stands of saltwort Batis maritima did not clearly affect their survival, over seven weeks, compared to planting into bare mud. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3327https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3327Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:43:09 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Use fences or barriers to protect planted brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs One study evaluated the effects, on vegetation, of using fences or barriers to protect brackish/saline wetlands planted with trees/shrubs. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE Height (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study in exposed coastal sites in the USA found that red mangrove Rhizophora mangle propagules planted within full-length plastic shelters had grown taller than propagules planted without shelter in three of four comparisons, made 22–129 days after planting. OTHER Survival (1 study): One replicated, paired, controlled study in exposed coastal sites in the USA reported that full-length plastic shelters increased the survival rate of planted red mangrove Rhizophora mangle propagules over 4–8 months, but that full-length bamboo shelters and below-ground plastic shelters had no clear effect on survival. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3331https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3331Sun, 11 Apr 2021 13:15:17 +0100Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Remove vegetation that could compete with planted non-woody plants: brackish/saline wetlands One study evaluated the effects, on emergent non-woody vegetation planted in brackish/saline wetlands, of removing competing plants. The study was in the USA. VEGETATION COMMUNITY   VEGETATION ABUNDANCE   VEGETATION STRUCTURE   OTHER Germination/emergence (1 study): One replicated, randomized, paired, controlled study in an estuarine salt marsh in the USA found that thinning cover of the dominant plant before sowing dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii seeds had no significant effect on saltwort seedling density, over the following two months. Survival (1 study): The same study found that thinning the dominant plant increased the survival rate of dwarf saltwort Salicornia bigelovii transplants over the first six months after planting. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3333https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F3333Sun, 11 Apr 2021 14:08:52 +0100
What Works 2021 cover

What Works in Conservation

What Works in Conservation provides expert assessments of the effectiveness of actions, based on summarised evidence, in synopses. Subjects covered so far include amphibians, birds, mammals, forests, peatland and control of freshwater invasive species. More are in progress.

More about What Works in Conservation

Download free PDF or purchase
The Conservation Evidence Journal

The Conservation Evidence Journal

An online, free to publish in, open-access journal publishing results from research and projects that test the effectiveness of conservation actions.

Read the latest volume: Volume 21

Go to the CE Journal

Discover more on our blog

Our blog contains the latest news and updates from the Conservation Evidence team, the Conservation Evidence Journal, and our global partners in evidence-based conservation.

Who uses Conservation Evidence?

Meet some of the evidence champions

Endangered Landscape ProgrammeRed List Champion - Arc Kent Wildlife Trust The Rufford Foundation Save the Frogs - Ghana Mauritian Wildlife Supporting Conservation Leaders
Sustainability Dashboard National Biodiversity Network Frog Life The international journey of Conservation - Oryx Cool Farm Alliance UNEP AWFA Bat Conservation InternationalPeople trust for endangered species Vincet Wildlife Trust
For a full list of, and information about, our champions:
All Evidence Champions
About our champions, why and how to become one:
Become an Evidence Champion

This website uses Cookies

We use limited Cookies to run the site and to analyse our traffic (none for site vendors). By using this site, you will be providing your consent to our use of Cookies.

Accept & continue