Potential antifouling strategies for marine finfish aquaculture: the effects of physical and chemical treatments on the settlement and survival of the hydroid Ectopleura larynx
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Published source details
Guenther J., Fitridge I. & Misimi E. (2011) Potential antifouling strategies for marine finfish aquaculture: the effects of physical and chemical treatments on the settlement and survival of the hydroid Ectopleura larynx. Biofouling, 27, 1033-42.
Published source details Guenther J., Fitridge I. & Misimi E. (2011) Potential antifouling strategies for marine finfish aquaculture: the effects of physical and chemical treatments on the settlement and survival of the hydroid Ectopleura larynx. Biofouling, 27, 1033-42.
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This study is summarised as evidence for the following.
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Eco friendly biofouling prevention Action Link |
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Eco friendly biofouling prevention
Two replicated, controlled experiments in a laboratory and at a fish farm in Norway in 2010 (Guenther et al., 2011) found that a temperature of at least 50oC was effective in preventing the settlement and survival of juvenile hydroids under laboratory conditions. Lab experiments resulted in 100% mortality of juveniles when exposed to 50oC or 60oC. When exposed to 50oC for one or three seconds, low survival rates of adults were observed (12% and 4% respectively) and at 60oC, 100% mortality was observed. Laboratory experiments with 0.2% acetic acid and an immersion time of one minute reduced the survival of juvenile and adult hydroids to between 0 and 35%. There was 100% mortality for juveniles and adults for the five minute immersion. All short term immersion in the 2.0% concentration acetic acid reduced the average settlement of actinulae, and survival of juvenile and adult hydroids to less than 10%. In the field experiments, mean wet weights of biofouling organisms of the heat treatments were significantly lower than the control group. The wet weights of biofouling organisms between the acetic acid treatments were similar. In the laboratory heat experiments, treatment groups were immersed in sand filtered seawater at temperatures of 12 (control), 30, 40, 50 and 60oC for immersion times of 1 and 3 s. In the acetic acid experiments, treatment groups were immersed in acetic acid solutions at concentrations of 0% (control), 0.2% and 2.0% for 1, 3 and 10 seconds, 1 and 5 min. For the fieldwork experiments, net panels were attached to two PVC frames (565 net panels each) and deployed at 2 m depth on the outside of a cage in a fish farm. The net panels were treated with water temperatures of 50 and 60oC and immersion times of 1 and 3 seconds; and an acetic acid concentration of 0.2% with immersion times of 1 and 5 min and a concentration of 2.0% and immersion times of 1 and 3 s. The wet weights (g) and photographs of the net panels with biofouling were taken just before treatment, and two and five days after treatment.
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